48 BULLETIN 473, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



The beet pulp sold during the last 10 years was valued at an 

 average of about 75 cents per ton, the range being from 70 to 81 

 cents. The average wages paid per clay during the last 10 years were 

 82 cents for men, 45 cents for women, and 34 cents for children. 



The coal used during the 10 years 1903-4 to 1912-13 averaged 

 781,944 tons annually, at an average price per ton of $4.26. 



Subsequent to 1886 the exports of sugar have exceeded the im- 

 ports, except in the years 1911 and 1912, when the imports were in 

 excess of the exports. The exports have shown a marked decline 

 during the 10 years 1904-1913 compared with the preceding 10 years, 

 1894-1903. On the other hand, the imports have increased during 

 the last 10 years as compared with the 10 years preceding. The 

 average annual exports during the period 1894-1903 were 414,079 

 tons, compared with 262,763 tons during the period 1904-1913. The 

 imports during 1894-1903 averaged 135,048 tons annually, and 146,- 

 814 tons during 1904-1913. The greater portion of the sugar exported 

 was refined, and the most of the imports were raw sugar from French 

 colonies. 



The annual average consumption of sugar in France during the 

 10 years 1893-1902 was 480,967 tons, or 24.9 pounds per capita. The 

 consumption during 1903-1912 was 662,438 tons annually, or 30.6 

 pounds per capita. The range of per capita consumption during the 

 first 10 years was from 22.9 to 26.7 pounds and during the last 10 

 years from 30 to 38.6 pounds. 



Statistics of beets grown for seed are available only for the Depart- 

 ment of the Nord. The data given are for 1913 and 1914, and the 

 area devoted to this purpose was 1,221 and 1,831 acres, respectively. 

 The production of seed was 1,960,330 and 3,593,939 pounds, valued 

 at 10.6 and 7.5 cents per pound, or a total of $205,939 and $267,434. 

 The average yield per acre was 1,605 and 1,963 pounds, or an average 

 value per acre of $160.55 and $146.06. 



The sugar section of France is in the extreme northern part, com- 

 posed chiefly of five Departments — Nord, Aisne, Oise, Somme, and 

 Pas-de-Calais. These five Departments contain 180 of the 232 sugar 

 factories, leaving only 52 for all of the other Departments. 



ITALY. 



BEET SUGAR. 



The sugar-beet area of Italy is located in the northeastern part of 

 the Kingdom, chiefly in two Provinces, Venetia and Emilia, bordering 

 on the northern part of the Adriatic Sea. The Province of Venetia 

 contained one-half of the area devoted to sugar beets, and Emilia 

 *\bout one-third. These two Provinces produced approximately 90 per 

 cent of the beets during the six years 1909-1914. They also contain 



