SUGAR PRODUCTION IN U. S. AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 63 



season begins in May and ends in November. Cane for the sugar fac- 

 tories in Java is obtained from two sources, cane grown on land owned 

 or controlled by the factory owners and cane grown by the natives. 

 Statistics of area under cane grown by the natives are not avail- 

 able, but the cane purchased from the natives during the last 10 

 years slightly exceeded one-third the amount of factory-grown cane 

 used for sugar. The area of cane cultivated by the factories in- 

 creased from 255,905 acres in 1903-4 to 340,739 in 1912-13, or an 

 average of 285,372 for the decade. The factory-grown cane used for 

 sugar increased from 10,439,140 tons in 1903-4 to 15,370,765 in 

 1912-13, or an average of 12,459,284 for the decade. The cane pur- 

 chased from the natives increased during the same period from 222,730 

 tons to 507,669, with an average of 454,150 for the decade. The 

 sugar produced from factory-grown cane increased from 1,141,508 

 tons in 1903-4 to 1,527,584 in 1912-13, or an average for the decade of 

 1,296,437 tons. The sugar obtained from cane purchased from the 

 natives during the same period increased from 18,358 tons to 50,748, or 

 an average of 36,890 for the decade. During the last 10 years a 

 decrease is shown in the proportion of sugar obtained from factory- 

 grown cane compared with the purchased cane. Comparing the 

 five-year period 1908-9 to 1912-13 with the five years 1903-4 to 

 1907-8, the factory cane used for sugar increased 28.1 per cent, while 

 the production of sugar increased only 25.3 per cent. During the 

 same periods the quantity of purchased cane used for sugar increased 

 17.3 per cent, but the sugar produced increased 41.0 per cent. The 

 quantity of cane crushed per acre was 40.79 tons in 1903-4 and 

 45.11 tons in 1912-13, with an average of 43.66 tons for the decade. 

 The highest for the decade was 46.43 tons in 1910-11, which exceeds 

 all other countries; however, this is hardly a fair comparison, for 

 the figures represent only the area cultivated or controlled by the 

 factories and exclude the area cultivated by the natives. The yield 

 per acre for the Territory of Hawaii in 1913 was 43 tons, which 

 probably exceeds Java if the entire cane area of the latter island be 

 considered. 



The number of sugar factories in operation in 1903-4 was 184, 

 which increased to 191 in 1912-13, or an average of 184 for the decade. 

 The factories produced 1,159,866 tons of sugar in 1903-4, which 

 increased to 1,578,332 in 1912-13, or an average of 1,333,326 for the 

 decade. The production of sugar per factory increased from 6,304 

 tons in 1903-4 to 8,264 in 1912-13, or an average of 7,246 for the 

 decade. The Hawaiian factories each produced an average of 11,900 

 tons of sugar in 1912, 10,900 in 1913, and 13,300 in 1914. The produc- 

 tion of sugar per acre in Java from factory-grown cane increased from 

 8,917 pounds in 1903-4 to 8,966 in 1912-13. The highest yield per 

 acre for the decade was 9,842 pounds in 1910-11, with an average of 



