64 BULLETIN 473, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



9.086 pounds for the decade, compared with the Hawaiian production 

 of 8,253 pounds per acre in 1898-99 and 11,400 in 1914-15. The ex- 

 traction of sugar per ton of cane was much larger from factory-grown 

 cane than from that purchased from the natives. The sugar extraction 

 from a ton of factory-grown cane decreased from 219 pounds in 

 1903-4 to 199 pounds in 1912-13, or an average of 208 pounds for the 

 decade, while the extraction from purchased cane increased from 165 

 ppunds per ton of cane in 1903-4 to 200 in 1912-13, or an average of 

 162 pounds for the decade. This is considerably less than the extrac- 

 tion shown for Hawaii, which ranged from 230 pounds in 1898-99 to 

 250 pounds in 1913-14. The percentage of sugar extraction per 

 weight of cane was 10.93 per cent in 1903-4, and 9.94 in 1912-13, with 

 an average of 10.41 per cent for the decade. The extraction from the 

 purchased cane ranged from 5.50 per cent in 1905-6 to 10 in 1912-13, 

 the average for the decade being 8.12 per cent. 



The sugar industry of Java has made remarkable progress during 

 the last 30 years. The production of sugar increased from 360,723 

 tons in 1883 to 1,578,332 tons in 1913, an increase of nearly 400 per 

 cent. The average annual production of sugar during the decade 

 1883-1892 was 435,066 tons, as against 722,174 tons for the decade 

 1893-1902, an increase of 66 per cent. The production during the 

 decade 1904-1913 was 1,333,326 tons, which was an increase of 

 84.6 per cent over the preceding decade and an increase of 206.5 per 

 cent over the decade 1883-1892. The average annual yield of cane 

 per acre increased from 35.32 tons for the decade 1894-1903 and to 

 43.66 tons for the decade 1904-1913, an increase of 23.6 per cent. 

 The average production of sugar per acre for these two decades, re- 

 spectively, was 7,447 and 9,086 tons, an increase of 22 per cent. 



The exports of sugar from Java in 1904 were 1,159,110 tons, which 

 increased to 1,621,950 in 1913, or an average of 1,341,605 for the de- 

 cade, an increase compared with the preceding decade of 81.4 per 

 cent. During the decade 1893-1902, 97.3 per cent of the sugar pro- 

 duced was exported, as against 95.7 per cent for the decade 1903- 



1912. China, United States, United Kingdom, and British India 

 have been the best markets for Java sugar. During the decade 

 1893-1902 approximately two-thirds of the sugar exported was con- 

 signed to the United States, United Kingdom, and China. During 

 the decade 1903-1912 the exports to the United States and United 

 Kingdom decreased, while the exports to China and British India 

 increased to approximately one-half of the total exports. The im- 

 ports have been small, ranging from 4,574 tons in 1907 to 3,728 in 



1913. The consumption of raw sugar in Java increased from 13,268 

 tons in 1905 to 24,952 in 1913, or an average of 23,717 for the decade 

 1904-1913. 



