REFORESTATION ON THE NATIONAL FORESTS. 57 



east, northeast, and northwest slopes up to about 4,000 feet. On 

 either of these situations the best results are obtained in deep, loose 

 soils, free from rock. 



Western yellow pine: (1) South slopes up to 4,000 feet (on the 

 Bitterroot Mountains up to 5,500 feet) ; (2) southeast and southwest 

 slopes up to 3,500 feet. 



Douglas fir : North slopes up to 6,000 feet. 



Western red cedar: Favorable north and northwest slopes in mix- 

 ture with western white pine up to 4,500 feet. 



Engelmann spruce: (1) North slopes from 4,000 to 5,500 feet. In 

 mixture with other species on north slopes from 3,500 feet upwards ; 

 (2) east and west slopes from 4,000 to 5,500 feet. 



Western larch: (1) North slopes from 4,000 to 6,000 feet. In mix- 

 ture with other species on north slopes from 3,500 feet upwards; (2) 

 south, east, and west slopes from 4,000 to 6,000 feet. 



Colorado, Wyoming, South Dakota. 



Western yellow pine: Between altitudes of 5,300 and 8,500 feet, 

 the sites in order of their favorableness are: (1) all aspects of burns 

 or cut-over areas, for the most part devoid of vegetation, which have 

 failed to restock naturally even though soil and moisture conditions 

 are normal ; (2) all aspects of burns and cut-over areas with a well 

 defined cover of aspen; (3) all aspects of burns and cut-over areas of 

 long standing, with or without aspen, where moisture and soil condi- 

 tions are normal, though such sites are almost invariably overgrown 

 with a heavy cover of sod, grass, and weeds; (4) all aspects of open, 

 grassy parks without trace of any former timber, where moisture 

 conditions are normal and the soil is of good depth; (5) north and 

 east aspects of open parklike areas without traces of former timber, 

 often found in the yellow pine and in the lower limits of the Douglas- 

 fir types, supporting dense stands of oak brush and occasionally lone, 

 stunted balsams but with moisture both of air and soil deficient; (6) 

 north aspects of low foothill, brush, and sagebrush areas in the lower 

 limits of the yellow-pine type where yellow pine, pinon, juniper, and 

 sagebrush may be associated. 



Sowing should be attempted only on the north and east aspects of 

 sites 1, 2, and 3 in the Black Hills region of South Dakota. 



Douglas fir: Between altitudes of 8,200 and 9,400 feet, the sites 

 in order are: (1) all aspects of burns or cut-over areas, for the most 

 part devoid of vegetation, which have failed to restock naturally even 

 though soil and moisture conditions are normal; (2) all aspects of 

 burns and cut-over areas with a well-defined cover of aspen; (3) 

 north and east aspects of burns and cut-over areas of long standing, 



