116 BULLETIN 903, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



lumps of earth and roots were partially buried in the soil of a 

 containing a young sound vine (Pierce Isabella). The earth 

 roots exposed to the sun quickly dried up and no infestation to 

 vine resulted. It may be stated that the diameters of the lin 

 varied from onedialf to 2 inches. On June 4 the experiment was 

 peated, but the infested fibrous rootlets were wrapped loosely in i 

 lumps of earth with diameters 1^ to 2 inches, and half buried in 

 soil of a pot having a sound vine (Cornichon) growing in it. ' 

 rootlets kept in good condition and the phylloxeree lived four cl 

 (one of which was cloudy and rainy). On September 3 it was fo 

 that the vine showed a rather scanty infestation. On July 16 m 

 strongly infested fleshy rootlets found in the vineyard, from 4 1 

 inches below the soil surface, were inclosed in a large piece of ea 

 half buried in the soil of a pot in which grew a sound vine (Carigm 

 On September 3 the vine was found to be strongly infested, especi 

 on its upper rootlets near the inner periphery of the pot. On Jub 

 the experiment of the day previous was repeated in its entirety, t 

 a Pierce Isabella vine, and on September 3 this vine was found t< 

 severely infested, bearing many nodosities both on the upper 

 lower rootlets. Thus in three out of four attempts success was 

 tained in securing an infestation upon sound vines by placing pi 

 of infested rootlets in lumps of soil half buried in the earth of 

 pots in which those vines were growing. In practice it would ^ 

 frequently happen that such rootlets severed by a cultural ins 

 ment would be buried several inches deep after being dragged al 

 by the instrument. It is easy to understand how the insect mi 

 be diffused in this manner. 



VINE SUPPORTS AND PICKING BOXES. 



Vine supports or stakes (universally used), by reason of the 1 

 that they enter the soil contiguous to the main stem of the v 

 are very likely to bear phylloxerse upon them. Since the ne 

 hatched larvae can live for at least three days, and probably m 

 more, out of the soil and when not exposed to the sun's rays, i 

 apparent that infested stakes could be transferred to a consider; 

 distance and when set out in a vineyard upon their arrival couh 

 the origin of phylloxera infestation. 



Many growers have declared that in their vineyards the pi 

 loxerse first showed evidence of their presence at a point or po 

 where picking boxes coming from infested vineyards had been pi 

 If picking boxes were scattered in an infested vineyard during 

 time of the aerial wanderer migration, one can readily see that 

 opportunity would be afforded for the phylloxerse to climb u 

 them, later to be transported to other vineyards, since it is a comr 



