84 



BULLETIN 909, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



log lengths, for some log buyers take the diameter measure of long 

 logs at some specified distance back from the small end. If, however, 

 there is a decided taper at the upper end of the merchantable length 

 of the tree, it would often be a loss to the owner to leave that small- 

 diameter material on the log. Defective parts of the bole may often 

 be left out altogether to better the quality of the logs. (PL XIV. fig. 

 &.) After the trees are cut the logs should not be left lying for a long- 

 time on the ground or exposed to the sun. The logs should be raised 

 from the ground and the ends should be painted. If the ends of the 

 logs are checked at the time of felling, it is customary for the cutters 

 to make a blunt cut with a wedge across each end of the check. This 

 helps to prevent the check from extending to the bark and, what 

 would often result, the log splitting open its entire width. 



Table 27. — Amounts of board feet, log scale, contained m logs of different 

 lengths and diameters, measured according to the Doyle log rule. 



Diameter, 



small end 



inside bark 



(inches). 



Length in feet. 



Board feet. 



6.- 



7 



1 

 3 



6 



9 



13 



18 



24 



30 



37 



45 



54 



63 



73 



84 



96 



108 



121 



135 



150 



165 



181 



198 



216 



234 



253 



2 



4 



7 



11 



16 



21 



28 



35 



44 



53 



63 



74 



86 



98 



112 



126 



142 



158 



175 



193 



212 



231 



252 



273 



296 



2 



4 



8 



12 



18 



24 



32 



40 



50 



60 



72 



84 



9S 



112 



128 



144 



162 



180 



200 



220 



242 



264 



288 



312 



338 



2 



5 



9 



14 



20 



28 



36 



46 



56 



68 



81 



95 



110 



127 



144 



163 



182 



203 



225 



248 



272 



298 



324 



352 



3S0 



2 



5 



10 



16 



22 



31 



40 



51 



62 



76 



90 



106 



122 



141 



160 



181 



202 



226 



250 



276 



302 



331 



360 



391 



422 



3 



6 



11 



17 



25 



34 



44 



56 



69 



83 



99 



116 



135 



155 



176 



199 



223 



248 



275 



303 



333 



364 



396 



430 



465 



3 



7 



12 



19 



27 



37 



48 



61 



75 



91 



108 



127 



147 



169 



192 



217 



243 



271 



300 



331 



363 



397 



432 



469 



507 



3 



7 



13 



20 



29 



40 



52 



66 



81 



98 



117 



137 



159 



183 



208 



235 



263 



293 



325 



358 



393 



430 



468 



508 



549 



3 



8 



14 



22 



31 



43 



56 



71 



87 



106 



126 



148 



171 



197 



224 



253 



283 



316 



350 



386 



423 



463 



504 



547 



591 



4 



8 



15 



23 



34 



46 



60 



76 



94 



113 



135 



158 



184 



211 



240 



271 



304 



338 



375 



413 



454 



496 



540 



586 



634 



4 

 9 



8 



16 



9 



25 



10 



36 



11 



49 



12 



64 



13 



81 



14 



100 



15 



121 



16 



144 



17 



169 



18 



196 



19 • 



225 



20 



256 



21 



289 



22 



324 



23 



361 



24 



400 



25 



441 



26 



484 



27 



529 



28 



576 



29 



625 



30 



676 







Costs of marketing include those of buying the timber, felling the 

 trees, cutting into lengths, hauling to the railroad, loading on cars, 

 and transporting to market. Buying costs generally range from $5 

 to $10 a thousand board feet. The cost of felling is variable, depend- 

 ing mostly on the extent to which the timber is scattered. If the 

 trees are frequent, the cost of felling and sawing into logs generally 

 varies from $2 to $5 a thousand ; if the growth is much scattered, and 

 if considerable time is lost in going from one tree to another, the 

 cost may amount to several dollars a thousand more. The cost of 



