18 BULLETIN 922, TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Toads and frogs sometimes prey upon the weevils, Mr. T. S. 



Wilson, of the Bureau of Entomology, found one adult in a toad's 



stomach at Wellington, Kans., July 12, 1915, and Mr. H. L. Parker 



found 11 adults and one pupa of Hypera punctata in the stomachs 



of four frogs (Rana sp.) collected at Bridgeport, N. Y., December 6, 



1915, out of 14 examined. 



CONTROL. 



The outbreaks of this insect are eventually suppressed by the 

 fungous disease mentioned and, except in rare cases, before serious 

 damage is done. Often what promises to be a serious attack is wiped 

 out by the disease just as it seems to appear most threatening, or, 

 as was the case in 1917, the weather conditions may enable the clover 

 to make a rank growth and overcome injury by the larvse, even 

 though they may be present in enormous numbers. 



Usually the need of remedial precautions does not become apparent 

 until toolate to apply practical measures. The insect does not ordina- 

 rily become abundant in a clover field until the second season, and inlo- 

 caiities where it is known to occur in occasional or frequent abundance 

 it is a good practice to pasture lightly all first-year clover in the fall or to 

 clip it back in spring and further to hinder the increase of this insect in 

 the locality by thoroughly plowing under the second year crop in the fall. 



Other measures, such as burning clover fields in winter, rolling, 

 dragging, and flooding, have been advised, but the practical value of 

 these measures has not been proved; and clipping' and plowing under 

 clover at the end of the second season, in themselves valuable in 

 the control of other clover insects as well as being good farm prac- 

 tices, seem all that is necessary, as a rule, for prevention of injury 



LITERATURE CITED. 



(1) Arthur, J. C. 



1886. report of the botanist. In 4th Ann. Rept. N. Y. Agr. Exp. Sta. 

 (Geneva), 1885, p. 268-292. 



(2) Beal, F. E. L., McAtee, W. L., and Kalmbach, E. R. 



1916. common birds of southeastern united states in relation to agri- 

 culture. U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bui. 755. 44 p., 22 figs. 



(3) Folsom, J. W. 



1909. the insect pests of clover and alfalfa. Univ. 111. Agr. Exp. Sta., 



Bui. 134, p. 113-197, 2 pi., 34 figs. 



(4) Knab, F. 



1915. THE SECRETIONS EMPLOYED BY RHYNCHOPHOROUS LARV.E IN COCOON- 



making. In Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., v. 17, no. 3, p. 154-158. 



(5) Pettit, R. H. 



1910. insects of field crops. Mich. Agr. Coll. Exp. Sta., Div. Ent., BuL 



258, p. 36-84. 



(6) Riley, C. V. 



1882. report of the entomologist. In Rept. U. S. Dept. Agr. 1881-1882, 

 p. 61-214 ([167] p.). 



(7) Titus, E. G. 



1911. hypera and phytonomus in America. In Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 



v. 4, no. 4, p. 383-474, pi. xxiv-xxxiv, 11 maps. 

 Bibliography, Hypera punctata: Pages 396-401. 



