372 



Transactions. — Geology . 



in composition, and, as previously mentioned, the top and bottom of the 

 same seam will frequently be quite different :— 





Fixed 

 carbon. 



Hydro- 

 carbon. 



Water, 



Ash. 



Springfield 



.. 47-90 



41-80 



6-30 



4-00 



Brockley 



. . 49-99 



35-22 



11-79 



2-80 



Springfield 



. . 50-60 



38-80 



7-80 



2-80 



Ayers (thin seam) 



. . 52-01 



3-69 



4-89 



39-41 



Brockley 



.. 53-29 



32-04 



12-65 



2-02 



Hill's mine 



. . 53-30 



33-97 



9-98 



2-75 



Springfield 



.. 55-50 



30-90 



4-20 



9-40 



Hill's mine 



.. 59-39 



33-78 



3-89 



2-94 



Williamson's . . 



.. 61-90 



26-80 



•90 



10-40 



Kowhai 



.. 6110 



35-40 



1.60 



1-90 



Ayers (thick seam) 



.. 62-21 



18-99 



5-20 



13-60 



Springfield 



. . 63-20 



23-60 



3-20 



10-00 



Bakaia Gorge . . 



. . 64-51 



21-27 



6-76 



7-46 



Acheron 



. . 65-80 



5-38 



4-57 



24-25 



Kowhai 



. . 66-10 



1410 



2-20 



17-60 



Malvern Hills . . 



. . 67-49 



17-89 



2-12 



12-50 



Hart's mine 



.. 6962 



14-92 



2-77 



12-69 



Malvern Hills . . 



. . 73-94 



16-60 



3-60 



5-86 



Kowhai.. 



. . 80-01 



10-95 



6-50 



2-54 



Malvern Hills . . 



. . 8320 



12-10 



2-20 



2-50 



Acheron . . 



.. 88-91 



— 



317 



7-92 



Semibitiiminous Coals. - 



—The only 



coals of this 



class < 



}f which 



anything are those from the well-known Kawakawa colliery at the Bay of 

 Islands, the output from which for the year 1881 was 50,277 tons, or about 

 1 of the total quantity of coal raised in New Zealand during that year. 

 The mine is worked in a seam which is from 4 feet to 15 feet thick, «and the 

 coal has an average composition of — 



Fixed carbon . . . . . . . . 55-59 



Hydro-carbon 38-10 



Water 4-19 



Ash 2-12 



100-00 

 It varies a good deal in its physical characters, being sometimes exceedingly 

 hard and at others quite soft, but the composition is moderately constant. 

 It is an excellent steam coal, and is largely used on the coasting steamers. 



The same class of coal also occurs at Preservation Inlet in Otago, where 

 it is found in thin impure seams, having the following average compo- 

 sition : — 



Fixed carbon 61-37 



Hydro-carbon 28-06 



Water 4-37 



Ash 6-20 



10000 



