﻿REFRIGERATION OF DRESSED POULTRY IN TRANSIT. 9 



able the two records are parallel on the same chart. The tempera- 

 ture in the packing-house chillroom from wliich the birds were loaded 

 into the car was nearly the same for both shipments. Here, however, 

 the similarity ceases. During the railroad haul there was a decided 

 difference, especially for the first three days. The relative condition, 

 as determined by analysis at the end of the transit period, is repre- 

 sented by Graph I of figure 1. The amount of change during the 

 haul, where 32° to 36° F. (0° to 2.2° C.) prevailed, is about twice as 

 much as occurred when the temperature was between 19° and 30° F. 

 ( — 7.2° to — 1 . 1 ° C.) . In the commission man's chillroom the samples 

 were subjected to similar temperatures, but at the end of this period 

 the quality difference is even more pronounced, as seen in Graph JI. 

 In this case the impetus given to decay by the higher temperature 

 during the haul could not be checked by subsequent low tempera- 

 tures. At the retail store shipment No. 2003 was at a great disad- 

 vantage as-compared with No. 2069, and here the deterioration in the 

 high-temperature shipment was very rapid. The relative deteriora- 

 tion during' the first four days is shown in Graph III, that during the 

 subsequent three days in Graph IV. 



The transportation temperatures for No. 2050 and No. 2096 differed 

 more than did those for the two previous experiments, and the chem- 

 ical results were correspondingly different (Graph V). Of the low- 

 temperature shipments, No. 2096 was on the average colder than No. 

 2069 and its ammoniacal nitrogen is lower. No. 2050 was hauled at 

 a higher temperature than No. 2003 and the nitrogen is also higher 

 (compare Graphs I and V). The temperatures in the commission 

 house for experiments Nos. 2050 and 2096 approximated the temper- 

 atures in their respective cars. At the retail shop the temperature 

 records again converge. After four days in the retailer's ice box, 

 where the temperatures fluctuated from 40° to 43° F. (4.4° to 6.1° C), 

 the relative rate of decomposition, represented in Graph VII, indi- 

 cates that the impetus given the deteriorative changes in No. 2050 

 during transportation at high temperatures is still in evidence, and 

 their effect is not lost after the last three days at the retail store, 

 during which the high-temperature shipment gains on its own former 

 rate of change. In the retail shop, experiments Nos. 2050 and 2096 

 were held at very similar temperatures, fluctuating from 40° to 43° F. 

 (4.4° to 6:1° C), and this warm environment shows its deteriorating 

 effect on both the high and low temperature shipments (Graphs VI 

 and VII, fig. 1). 



AVERAGE RESULTS OF LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURE SHIPMENTS. 



In order to obtain a number of observations, such as are cited for 

 these four individual shipments,* the chemical analyses in Table 1 

 were divided into four groups: First, those in which the record of the 



• 7078°— Bull. 17—13 2 



