THE BUD MOTH 15 



seems possible that some of the parasites said to have been reared 

 from Spilonota ocellana have been in reality parasites of Recurvaria 

 nanella or of some other species. More than a score of parasites are 

 on record as having been reared from the bud moth. 



European Records 



The following parasites have been recorded in Europe from the 

 bud moth : 



(Microdus) Bassus dimidiator (Nees) (11, p. 165) ; (Microdus) Bassus rufi- 

 pes (Wesm.) (5, p. 1/.1) ; Meteorus ictericus (Nees) (11, p. 163) ; Chelonus 

 nigrinus Ratzb. (It, p. 43) ', Chelonus similis Nees (If, p. 42) ; Bracon geniculator 

 Nees (6, p. 34) ; Hemiteles necator Grav. (6, p. 154) listed as a parasite of either 

 Spilonota ocellana or Tortrix variegana, being possibly a secondary parasite; 

 (Pimpla) Apechthis rufata (Grav.) (6, p. 101) ; Lissonota culiciformis Grav. 

 (10, p. 308) ; Limneria lineolata (Ratzb.) (11, p. 163) ; Mesochorus dilutus 

 Ratzb. (4, p. UfS-149). 



North American Parasites 

 egg parasites 



Trichogramma minutum Riley was reported by DuPorte (19) 

 from numerous localities near Quebec, destroying in some cases as 

 many as 77 per cent of the eggs. Many specimens have also been 

 reared in Nova Scotia (22) . 



One mymarid was reared from a bud-moth egg in Nova Scotia 

 (22). 



LARVAL AND PUPAL PARASITES 



Secodella sp. (probably new) w T as reared in August, 1921, at Wall- 

 ingford. Conn., from small bud moth larvae. The same species was 

 also reared from bud moth hibernacula in the spring of 1920 and 

 again in the spring of 1921. This suggests the possibility of two 

 generations of this parasite annually, one attacking the tiny bud moth 

 larva? soon after hatching, and the second attacking the host larvae 

 some time prior to hibernation. Growth of the parasite larva is 

 completed in the late fall after the host hibernaculum is constructed, 

 and hibernation occurs in the larval stage. Determination of these 

 parasites was made by A. B. Galian. 



Other larval and pupal parasites have been recorded as follows: 



Apanteles tmetocerae Mues. was reared from bud moth larvae in Nova Scotia 

 (28 />., 5G0). Opius (Bvosteres) sp. was reared from pupae (19, p. 76). 

 (Microdus) Bassus carinoides (Cress.), first reported by Riley and Howard 

 from f'iinada (///, p. 18) was reared by DuPorte (19, p. 76) from pupae of the 

 burl moth. At Wallingford three individuals of this species were reared in 

 lfl20 and one in 1921, but in all cases the parasite larva left the host larva 

 when tlie host was nearly full-^rown. The Wallingford material was deter- 

 mined by R. A. Cushman. (Microdus) Bassus laticinctus (Cress.) was reported 

 by Slingerland (16, p. 22) as a common parasite, reared from larvae of the 

 bud moth. (Miorodus) Bassus oeellanae (Rich.) was reared at Kentville, Nova 

 Scotia (22, />. !■'■). Chelonus sp. is the most numerous parasite of the bud 

 moth in Nova Scotia (22, p. 23). (Pimpla) Itoplectis conquisitor (Say) was 

 reared from bud modi pupae in Quebec (/.'>, p. 76.) (Pimpla) Epiurus near 

 alboricta Cress, was recorded by Slingerland (16, p. 22) from larvae in July, 

 1892. A single Individual of Epiurus indagator (Walsh) was reared at Walling- 

 ford, Conn., in 1920, and another in 1921 Crom fifth-stage larvae. It was 

 determined by B, a. Cushman. Phytodiotus [Phytodietus] vulgaris Cross, was 

 recorded by Fernald ' /■", p. 9) as an external feeder on host larvse. Anomalo-n 



