18 BULLETIN 1313, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



Several nitro compounds have been tested against wireworms by 

 Tattersfield and Roberts (24). m-Nitroaniline, o-nitro aniline, p-nitro- 

 phenol, nitronaphthalene, dinitrobenzene, and nitrobenz aldehyde 

 were nontoxic; o- and p-nitrochlorobenzene, o- and p-nitrotoiuene, 

 p-intro aniline, and nitroxylene (mixed derivatives) had marginal 

 toxicity; nitromethane had. low toxicity; nitrobenzene had moderate 

 toxicity; and o-nitrophenol and nitrochloroform (chloropicrin) had 

 high toxicity. 



AMINES 



Diethylamine and ?i-butylamine were more toxic to weevils than 

 carbon disulphide. None of the other amines tested (aniline, 

 methylaniline, dimethyl aniline, ethylbenzylaniline, acetphenylene- 

 diamine, and a-naphthylamine) , however, showed any toxicity. 



Richardson and Smith (21 ) tested the action of the following com- 

 pounds on aphids: Trimethylamine hydrochloride, tetramethylam- 

 monium chloride, y-phenylenediamin e, phthalimidine, methylamine 

 hydrochloride, diethylamine, triethylamine, triethylamine hydro- 

 chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetrapropylammonium 

 hydroxide, isobutylamine, diamylamine, triacetonamine, hexamethyl- 

 enetetramine, formamide, dicyanodiamide, choline hydrochloride, 

 betaine hydrochloride, nitroguanidine, succinimide, aniline, benzyl- 

 amine, benzidine hydrochloride, ?n-phenylenediamine hydrochloride, 

 camphylamine, and tetrahydrobetanaphthylamine hydrochloride. 

 None of these approached nicotine in toxicity. Tetramethylam- 

 monium chloride, the most effective, required a concentration of 0.35 

 per cent, compared with an effective concentration for nicotine of 

 only 0.007 per cent. 



Tattersfield and Roberts (24), in tests on wireworms, found that 

 o- and w-nitroaniline, w-phenylenediamine, phenylhydrazine, naph- 

 thylamine, and diphenylamine were nontoxic; that p-nitroaniline 

 and p-chloroaniline had marginal toxicity; that trimethylamine, 

 ethylamine, dimethylamine, monomethylamine, aniline, and o-chloro- 

 aniline had moderate toxicity; and that o- and p-toluidine, xylidine, 

 dimethylaniline, and monomethylaniline had high toxicity. 



Foreman and Graham-Smith (6, p. 113) found aniline (saturated 

 aqueous solution) and aniline hydrochloride to be toxic to flies when 

 taken by the mouth. The hydrochloride of o-toluidine had a similar 

 effect, but p-toluidine hydrochloride was nontoxic. Flies taking 

 monomethyTaniline hydrochloride appeared to be dead in 10 minutes, 

 but recovered in 2 hours. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 2 per cent 

 solution had little effect, or none, and a 1 per cent solution of m-phe- 

 nylenediamine had no effect. 



Jewson and Tattersfield (10) tested the action on mites (Aleurobius 

 farinse) of aniline, monomethylaniline, and dimethylaniline. Most 

 of the large mites remained alive, but moved sluggishly. 



MISCELLANEOUS NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS 



Pyridine at a concentration of 0.8 per cent killed all the weevils, 

 but hexamethylenetetramine showed no killing power. 



Richardson and Smith (21) sprayed aphids with the following 

 pyridine and quinoline derivatives : Nicotinic acid nitrate, 4-dimethyl- 

 aminoantipyrine, n-ethyl piperidine sulphate, n-ethyl piperidine, 

 crude chloropiperidine, piperidine sulphate, pyridinium ethyl hydrox- 

 ide, pyridine, pyridinium ethyl iodide, piperidine, methylene dipi- 

 peridine, 7 y dipyridyl, a-picoline, pyrrole, quinoline, tetrahydro- 



