FUNGI OF IMPORTANCE IN THE DECAY OF TIMBERS. 29 



annosus found by Olsen (Brefeld 5, p. 177) ; chlamydospores between 

 the margin and the poriferous zone in Polyponvs bambusinus 

 (Patouillard, Jf5) ; conidia (chlamydospores according to Lyman) 

 in Stereum disciforme and all over the hymenium of Aleurodiscus 

 oakesii and A. amorphics (Patouillard, 46) ; conidia On racemose 

 organs in the hymenium before formation of basidiospores in species 

 of Aleurodiscus (Burt, 9, p. 198) ; viable chlamydospores on branches 

 of the stipe of Collybia racemosa (Stefan, 59) ; helicoid conidia on 

 hairs arising from the young veil and from the margin of the 

 developing pileus of Lentodium squamulosum (Lentinus tigrinus 

 Fr.) (Lyman, 31/ p. 186) and on the mycelium overgrowing the gills 

 of the same fungus (Murrill, 38, p. 296). Further, Cool (10) found 

 oidia coming from the pileus during basidiospore casting of Collybia 

 velutipes (p. 9) and chlamydospores along with the basidiospores of 

 Sphaerobolus stellatus (p. 21). She also reports that she found a 

 great many more oidia than basidiospores in the hymenial layer of 

 Collybia velutipes and wart-shaped heaps of oidia on the dried fruit 

 bodies of this fungus. Long and Harsch (29) report the chlamydo- 

 spores of Lentinus lepideus. We have already mentioned Weir (62) 

 and the observation of Faull (.18) and the writer (55) on the chlamy- 

 dospores of Fomes officinalis. 



REFERENCES TO THE IMPORTANCE OF SECONDARY SPORES IN THE DISSEMINATION OF 



FUNGI. 



There are a few references to the importance of secondary spores 

 in the dissemination of fungi. Eidam (12, p. 245) concluded that 

 there was no natural secondary reproduction in Cyathus striatus 

 and that the oidia were an abnormal appearance, although they 

 might tide over unfavorable conditions. In speaking of the failure 

 of Hartig's isolation trench in checking the spread of Fomes annosus, 

 Brefeld (5, pp. 153 and 179-185) suggested as the reason that 

 conidia were formed by this fungus that they infected the cut roots 

 and thus produced more disease than normally occurred. Brefeld 

 never found conidia growing naturally, although he reports such a 

 finding by Olsen (5, p. 177), but he obtained them in the laboratory 

 on mycelium collected in the woods (5, p. 153). Hiley, in reviewing 

 the status of the conidia of this fungus in relation to decay of the 

 larch, reports (20) the production of conidia in wood cultures and 

 upon sterilized soil. lie believes it probable that the mycelium of 

 Fomes annosus "may grow on forest soil and bear conidia" (p. 115) 

 and that one of the means of infection of the host is by these conidia 

 (pp. n:,. 121, 123). Tubeuf (60, p. L03) had nothing concrete to 

 offer on the propagation of Merulius by secondary spore forms, hut 



emphasized the theoretical importance of such. He pointed out that 



