THE CHAULMOOGRA TREE AND RELATED SPECIES. 17 



thus pubinervius) . In the Taraktogenos forest proper a fern {Poly- 

 botrya hamiltoniana Presl) form the main undergrowth on the 

 sandy soil. 



The second locality was on the opposite bank of the Khodan stream 

 near a broad bend. The banks were a solid wall of green, being 

 at first flat and covered with huge trees of Dipterocarpus alatus 

 and Ficus sp., Strychnos nux-vomica, Quercus spp., and Mangifera 

 caloneura. This forest is known as the Thadunphue. The un- 

 dergrowth was again Polybotrya hamiltoniana; also Wallichia 

 caryotoides, a soboliferous palm. The ground rose rather steeply 

 after passing through dense bamboo jungle. The creek beds were 

 very deep, the water evidently finding it very easy to cut deep chan- 

 nels through these sandy hills. Taraktogenos formed here pure 

 stands (PI. V), while near the top of these hills grass with Wallichia 

 disticha was the dominant feature. Calamus tenuis is also very 

 common in the kalaw forests, as is a Pandanus with very slender 

 leaves (probably P. furcatus Roxb.) and a species of Pteris. 



Only a very few seeds were secured at Khoung Kyew, and on that 

 account the writer proceeded to Kyokta. After crossing the Khodan 

 stream (PI. VI) many times and walking barefooted for many 

 miles through the dense and somber forests, the party, consisting of 

 about fifteen coolies and the others previously mentioned, arrived 

 at Kyokta, a lonely jungle village of about thirty houses. A Tarakto- 

 genos forest does not occur in the immediate neighborhood, but 

 about 5 miles distant from Kyokta. The only way to approach 

 these forests, mainly composed of Taraktogenos kurzii, is by follow- 

 ing a creek bed (PL VII), which is dry in the winter. The trees 

 first encountered are Dipterocarpus alatus, Cephalostachyum per- 

 gracile, a grove of bamboo, species of Ficus, Quercus, Mezoneurum, 

 Dalbergia, Meliacese, etc. The banks of the sandy creek bed become 

 steeper and finally are clothed altogether with Taraktogenos kurzii. 

 The undergrowth again is Polybotrya hamiltoniana Presl, a sand- 

 loving fern. The bark of the kalaw trees is smooth, pale yellowish 

 brown; the trunks are straight; the branches, which appear quite 

 low down, are at right angles to the trunk, but droop downward, giv- 

 ing the trees a pyramidal shape and the aspect of an old Abies or 

 fir. (PI. VIII.) The fruits, which are perfectly round and not 

 pointed at the apex, are the size of a large orange, of a light fawn 

 color and velvety tomentose. (PI. IX.) They are on short, thick- 

 ened peduncles and are borne on the ends of the flexible branches 

 which become pendent owing to the weight of the fruits. (PI. X.) 

 Unfortunately, there were no mature fruits to be found on any of 

 the trees, but a quantity of seeds, which either had escaped the vigi- 



