LOKGLEAF PINE. 



15 



Table 5. 



-Number of crossties that can be cut from longleaf pine trees of 

 different diameters and heights. 



[For detailed information by grades of ties, see Table 4.] 



Diame- 

 ter of 

 tree. 1 



Height of tree in feet. 



40 



50 



60 



70 



80 



90 



100 



Total number of ties per tree. 



Inches. 

 10 

 11 

 12 

 13 

 14 

 15 

 16 

 17 

 18 

 19 

 20 







1 

 2 

 3 

 3 

 4 

 5 

 5 



1 

 2 

 3 



4 

 5 

 6 

 6 

 8 

 9 

 10 

 11 



2 



24 



25 

 26 



26 

 26 



8 

 9 

 10 

 11 

 11 







1 

 2 



2 

 2 







5 

 6 

 7 

 7 

 9 

 10 

 11 

 12 

 14 



8 

 8 

 10 

 12 

 13 

 14 

 15 











































1 All diameters measured at breastheight, or 4A feet above the ground, and outside bark. 

 1 See Table 4, which shows the way the ties were worked up into ties of different grades. 



Large amounts of longleaf pine are used for pulpwood by the pulp 

 and paper plants located in the range of the species (PI. V). Such 

 plants are located at Roanoke Rapids, N. C, Savannah, Ga., Boga- 

 lusa, La., Moss Point, Miss., and Orange, Tex. The sulphate process 

 of manufacture is used, and a standard cord of air-dry longleaf pine, 

 containing about 100 cubic feet of solid wood and weighing about 

 4,200 pounds when air-dry, will produce about 1,600 pounds of dry 

 pulp. The "green" weight of wood as ordinarily handled is vari- 

 able, depending upon the weather and the time elapsed since the 

 felling of the tree. The southern pine region offers a promising field 

 for the future development of the paper business, particularly for 

 the grade of " kraft," or heavy wrapping paper, for which the wood 

 of the yellow pines is well adapted. Recent tests, however, made at 

 the Forest Products Laboratory have shown the possibility, if proper 

 cooking and bleaching processes are employed, of using the southern 

 pines for the production of high-grade book and magazine paper. 

 I liis kind of paper requires a long-fibered wood, such as that of the 

 pines, and a short-fibered wood, such as that of the red gum. Cross- 

 ties from farm timber lands constitute a product of much commer- 

 cial value. Slack time during the cool season may often be profit- 

 ably employed in getting out ties. In the winter of 1920-21 the 

 cutting of crossties practically effected the financial salvation of 

 man} farmers in various portions of the South. Sap-pine ties, when 

 treated, show good lasting qualities and are being used more and 

 more as hear! pine becomes scarcer and more valuable. As young 

 timber grows, it requires more space for proper development, and 

 the thinnings (see under " Cutting ") required in well -storked stai 



;it intervals of very 5 to 1" years, may often be made to yield good 

 money in CT08Stie£ or pulpwood. 



