UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



BULLETIN No. 1064 



Contribution from the Forest Servioe 

 WILLIAM B. GREELEY, Forester 



Washington, D. C. 



August 21, 1922 



OLEORESIN PRODUCTION: A MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF 

 THE EFFECTS PRODUCED ON THE WOODY TISSUES OF 

 SOUTHERN PINES BY DIFFERENT METHODS OF TUR- 

 PENTINING. 



By Eloise Gerry, Microscopist, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wis. 



CONTENTS. 



The naval stores industry 



Purpose of the investigation 



Oleoresin 



Structure of wood of turpentine 



pines 



Methods of study 



Process of turpentining 



Page. 

 1 

 2 

 3 



Page. 

 Results obtained by different 



methods 12 



Chipping in the lightwood 31 



Suggestions for future practice 33 



Suggestions for future research 38 



Summary 40 



THE NAVAL STORES INDUSTRY. 



Naval stores is the name applied to the products obtained chiefly 

 by distilling the oleoresin or gum which exudes from living pines 

 when the wood is wounded. The turpentine and rosin thus obtained 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 

 The writer wishes to express her appreciation of the many courtesies; extended to her 

 at the places visited in Mississippi, Louisiana, and Florida, and particularly to the fol- 

 lowing for assistance given in obtaining specimens and information on methods and 

 practices : 



The BogalUSa Turpentine Co., especially to Messrs. Adams, Kemp, A. T. Lewis, C C. 

 Harding, and N. T. Dorsey; Mr. J. P. Fraim, of the Fernwood Lumber Co., Fernwood, 

 ; Mr. .1. F. Payne, Gulfport, Miss. ; Mr. J. A. Taylor, of the Cillican-Chipley Co., 

 the Doles Naval Stores Co., the Imperial Naval Stores Co., Poitevent & Favre, all of 

 New Orleans, La.| tie- Consolidated DIaval Slores Co., of Jacksonville, Fla., especially Mr. 

 McGarvej Cllne; Mr. C. a. Clark, of Daytona; Mr. D. N. Corbett, of Orlando; Mr. A. 

 Oim; ;m>l Mr. \V. A. Sessoms, of I'.onlfa.v. Fla. Assistance was nlso generously given 



by tiie organization of the Florida National Forest, especially Capt. I. F. Eldredge, 

 Supervisor L, L. Bishop, Deputy Supervisor f. B. MeKee; also by Mr. Johnson and Mr. 

 W. n. Hartgrove, <>f Oarniers, Fla.; by Mr. Austin ("ary, of the Washington office <>f the 

 Fore i Service; and by Mr. n. \.. Pettigrew, Dr, a. W. Schorger, and Mr. n. F. Wiess, ail 

 formerly of the Forest Products Laboratory staff. 



Helpful criticisms and suggestions were also (,'iven by Dr. C. M. Ilerty, editor of I he 

 Journal ol [UdU trial and BngfllflBrtng f'hemi. try, and by Prof. C. 10. Allen ami 1'iof. .1. B 



Overton, of the departmenl "f botany of the University of Wisconsin, as well as by tueto 



berH of the Staff of I he Forest Products Laboratory. 

 87404°— 22 1 



