CUECULIOS THAT ATTACK WALNUT AND HICKORY. 3 



ris, a nut grower, of Kev\- York City and Stamford, Conn., as stating 

 that lie has observed this curculio on various species of hickory. 

 Blatchley and Leng 3 record the species as " occurring on walnut, but- 

 ternut, and hickory, the larvse breeding in the green fruit." 



The present writer has found this curculio attacking extensively 

 the fruit of our native butternut (/. cinerea) and the shoots and 

 leaf petioles of the Japanese walnuts (J. sieboldiana and /. cordi- 

 formis). It was found less frequently feeding and ovipositing in 

 the shoots of the native butternut and the fruits of the Japanese 

 walnuts. Several beetles were found in September on the branches 

 of a young tree of Jugluns cathayensis growing in Arnold Arbore- 

 tum, at Boston, Mass., and there were evidences of serious injury to 

 the branches made earlier in the season by the larvae. Similar 

 although less extensive injury was noted on a tree of the same spe- 

 cies growing in one of the parks of Rochester, N. Y. 



NATURE AND EXTENT OF INJURY. 



The injury inflicted by this insect consists of feeding punctures 

 made by the adults in the nuts, tender tips, and leaf petioles and 

 the burrows of the larvae in the nuts and new growth of various 

 species of walnuts. Extensive injury has been reported from Con- 

 necticut, 4 where young transplanted trees and trees in the nursery 

 row have been partially or entirely killed by the larvse working in 

 the branches. The most serious loss of this kind has been to the 

 Japanese walnuts, although trees of the Persian walnut have suf- 

 fered to some extent. Britton and Kirk 5 describe infestation in one 

 nursery as follows: 



In a nursery at New Canaan [Conn.], about the middle of September, Mr. 

 Kirk noticed a row containing about 265 trees of Juglans sieboldiana on all 

 of which the larvse were tunneling in the new growth. An adjoining row of 

 about the same number of J. regid trees was only slightly attacked, and another 

 adjoining row containing about 400 trees of black walnut, J. nigra, were unin- 

 fested. Several hundred other trees of J. sieboldiana in another part of the 

 same nursery were badly infested, not a single tree escaping. Here, also, 

 • ti"-<i the fall attack of the adults at the base of the leaf petioles, and 

 two adults were collected. 



During the present investigation the writer has observed serious 

 injury to young trees of./, siebaloliana, J. cordiformw, ami -/. cathay- 

 ;. Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York. Southward, 

 particularly in Maryland ami West Virginia, extensive :il(:ml<s 

 upon the fruit of the native butternut occur regularly. Many cases 

 .ecu observed in which 50 per cent or more of Hie mils dropped 

 from trees prematurely on account of injury by the curculio larvse, 

 the percentage of loss being greatest in years of light crops. Farther 



iii.k,, \v. S., and r.i. ■'.. C. w Shi fcbophobj oh (tbbvilb "i roi 

 ... 169. 1016. 



B KJ .'">•. \V. I*., .hi. I K iim. , II, i; Op. dt. 



