CTTRCULIOS THAT ATTACK WALNUT AND HICKORY. 13 



The larvae continue feeding in the nuts for 10 days or 2 weeks after 

 they are on the ground and then leave through exit holes made at 

 the oviposition scar. 



PUPA. 



The pupa is delicate white, sparsely covered with short bristles, as 

 in juglandis and retentus, and is of the same general size and shape 

 as the adult. Pupation usually takes place within unlined cells of 

 earth an inch or two below the surface of the ground. In a few in- 

 stances pupation was found occurring within host nuts that were 

 buried beneath damp, fallen leaves. The pupa stage covers a period 

 of approximately 30 days. 



ADULT. 



The adult (PI. VI, A) is reddish brown with a conspicuous broad 

 band of a lighter grayish shade behind the middle of the elytra. The 

 snout is long, and the general size, shape, and markings of the beetle 

 are similar to those of C. juglandis and C. retentus. It may be dis- 

 tinguished from C. retentus by its more reddish color, the light mark- 

 ings on the thorax and elytra often having a pinkish cast, and from 

 C. juglandis by the less prominent humps and ridges of the elytra 

 and also by the more pronounced reddish shade of the elytral and 

 thoracic bands and markings. 



The young beetles issue from the ground from August to October ; 

 they have appeared in rearing jars at French Creek, W. Va., from 

 August 12 to October 15. Soon after emergence from their pupal 

 quarters they go into hibernation and do not reappear until late the 

 following spring. 



Oviposition in the latitude of West Virginia begins late in Jane 

 and rovers a period of at least four weeks. The eggs are laid in cir- 

 cular or sometimes crescent-shaped scars on the side of the nut, the 

 scars soon taking on a brownish or blackish color and becoming 

 rather conspicuous. (PI. VI, C.) It has been observed frequently 

 that in nuts of Tlicoria glabra the oviposition marks are made near 

 the point of the nut, while in those of 77. ovata the marks are directly 

 on the side or near the stem end. Also, beetles developing from nuts 

 of //. ovata average larger than those from the nuts of II. glabra. 



The beetles are especially active at nightfall and have been ob- 

 served ovipositing after dark. 



NATURAL ENEMIES. 



Numerous specimens of a parasitic fly were reared in September 

 from larvae of this curculio. (PI. VI, E.) The species was determined 



i. hi-. J. M. Aldriclj as ('hoi '■om ij'ki. long/ pes F&b. A few specimens 



of another fly determined by AJdrich as Myiophasia globosa Towns. 



were also Pared from I lie lalv.'e. Two li vmennpl.en.iis species were 



