62 BULLETIN 1074, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



EABLY DEFIANCE. 



Description. — Plant spring habit, early, short to midtall; stem white, mid- 

 strong ; spike awnless, fusiform to oblong, middense, erect ; glumes glabrous, 

 white, midlong, midwide ; shoulders narrow to midwide, oblique to square ; 

 beaks wide, triangular, acute, 0.5 to 1.5 mm. long; apical awns wanting to 

 few ; kernels white, midlong, soft to semihard, ovate to elliptical, germ 

 usually small; crease midwide, middeep; cheeks usually rounded; brush mid- 

 sized, midlong. 



The variety differs from Defiance in being a week to 10 days earlier and in 

 having kernels slightly longer and more pointed. 



History. — This is a strain of Defiance wheat recently distributed by the 

 Germain Seed Co., of Los Angeles, Calif. 



Distribution. — Grown in San Diego County, Calif. 



COLOBADO NO. 50. 



Description. — This variety is similar to Early Defiance except that it has 

 several apical awns which vary from 2 to 15 mm. long. Spikes, glumes, and 

 kernels of Colorado No. 50 are shown in Plate IX, B. 



History. — This is a strain of Defiance wheat developed at the Colorado 

 Agricultural Experiment Station. It was first distributed about 1909 or 1910 

 by Prof. W. H. Olin, then of that station. The Barteldes Seed Co.. of Denver, 

 Colo., later distributed the variety, recommending it for growing at altitudes 

 of 8,000 feet or more (b5). 



Distribution. — Grown in Rio Grande County, Colo. It is said by the Barteldes 

 Seed Co. to be grown in the higher elevations in Rio Grande and Routt Counties 

 and in the San Luis Valley. 



Description. — Plant spring habit, midseason, midtall; stem white, slender, 

 weak ; spike awnless, fusiform, middense, erect to inclined ; glumes glabrous, 

 white, midlong, narrow to midwide; shoulders narrow, oblique to square; 

 beaks wide, obtuse, 0.5 to 1 mm. long; apical awns usually wanting; kernels 

 white, midlong, soft, ovate to nearly elliptical ; germ usually small ; crease 

 narrow to midwide, middeep ; cheeks rounded ; brush small, midlong. 



This variety is not vigorous, has a very weak stem, and shatters readily. 

 It has continued in cultivation partly as a mixture with club wheat which 

 prevents lodging, many growers stating they grow Club and Touse. Spikes, 

 glumes, and kernels of Touse wheat are shown in Plate X, A. 



History. — Touse is an old wheat of Idaho and Utah. It was reported grown 

 in Utah as early as 1870. The origin of Touse wheat is not definitely deter- 

 mined, but it is thought by the writers to be the Touzelle wheat which was 

 introduced by the Federal Government from Marseille, France, the record of 

 which was as follows : 



There have been two importations — one of 140 bushels in August, 1869, and one 

 of 123 bushels in January, 1870. A small distribution was made in September, 

 1869, chiefly through Senators and Representatives in Congress (8, pp. 128-129). 



Distribution of this variety by the Federal Government continued for sev- 

 eral years. In the early seventies reports of the variety were received from 

 several sections of the United States. It was distributed as a winter wheat, 

 and reports from the Eastern States show that it did not prove sufficiently 

 hardy for those sections, while in California, Colorado, and Oregon the re- 

 ports indicated that it was grown successfully. 



