174 BULLETIN 1074, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



awns few, 2 to 10 mm. long ; kernels white, short, soft, ovate to oval, irregular, 

 humped; germ midsized, abrupt; crease midwide, shallow; cheeks angular; 

 brush small, midlong. 



This variety differs from Hybrid 60 in having shorter glumes. It is a true 

 winter wheat, high yielding, but very susceptible to bunt or stinking smut. 



Spikes,' glumes, and kernels of Hybrid 12S wheat are shown in Plate 

 XLIX, A, and a single spike in Plate V, Figure 7. 



History. — Hybrid 128 was originated at Washington Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station, Pullman, Wash. Its history has been recorded by Schafer and 

 Gaines (170, p. 8) as follows: 



Hybrid No. 128 is a cross between Jones Winter Fife and Little Club. It 

 was originated in 1899 by Prof. W. J. Spillman. After being selected and 

 tested for eight years it was distributed to ranchers for further testing. 



Prof. Spillman started his work in wheat breeding at the Washington Agri- 

 cultural Experiment Station in 1899. Valuable results were obtained, Hybrid 

 128 being only one of the varieties which resulted from the first crosses. The 

 work was hardly commenced, however, before he left the institution, and the 

 important task of making the selections, testing the many strains, and dis- 

 tributing the new varieties was left to other workers. His 

 work with wheat, however, resulted in some of the very 

 earliest discoveries of the fundamental principles of 

 heredity in plant breeding. He left Pullman in June, 

 1902, and it was not until 1909 that he published the re- 

 sults of his studies in hybridization (182). In the same 



year he published a more popular bulletin from the Wash- 

 Fig. 69.— Outline map * k ' . . u ..^ . ^ j _. , . , 



of a portion of the mgton Agricultural Experiment Station, which gave some 



Pacific Northwest, of the results of his early experiments (183). 



showing the distri- The wheat breeding was continued at Pullman by 



bution of Hybrid Messrs. E. E. Elliott and Claude W. Lawrence (86), who 

 128 wheat in 1919. \ ■ 



Estimated area were largely responsible for the distribution of some of 



259,900 acres. the earlier hybrid varieties, including Hybrid 128. The 



work is still being continued and is now (1921) 

 in charge of Prof. E. G. Schafer, agronomist, and Prof. E. F. Gaines, 

 cerealist. 



Distribution. — Grown in Latah County, Idaho, 11 counties in eastern Wash- 

 ington and in Umatilla County, Oreg. It is the most widely grown club wheat in 

 Washington. (Fig. 69.) 



Synonyms. — Washington Hybrid No. 12S, White Hybrid. The name White 

 Hybrid is quite widely used for Hybrid 128 as well as the other white-kernel ed 

 hybrid wheats distributed by the Washington station. 



LITTLE CLUB. 



Description. — Plant spring habit, midseason, midtall to tall ; stem white, strong, 

 stout ; spike awnless, oblong- fusiform, dense, erect ; glumes glabrous, white, 

 midlong, midwide; shoulders midwide, usually rounded; beaks wide, obtuse, 

 0.5 mm. long; apical awns few, 2 to 10 mm. long; kernels white, short, soft, 

 ovate, humped, acute ; germ small ; crease narrow, shallow ; cheeks angular to 

 rounded ; brush small, midlong. 



Little Club is distinguished from other white-glumed club varieties in having 

 longer and more slender spikes and slender, pointed kernels. 



Spikes, glumes, and kernels of Little Club wheat are shown in Plate L, A. 



History.— The origin of Little Club wheat is undetermined, but it is believed 

 to have been introduced from Chile, as considerable quantities of club wheats 

 were shipped to the Pacific Coast from Chile during the sixties and seventies. 



