10 



07 



1 



50 





50 





33 





40 





90 



3 



70 



14 BULLETIjST 426^ U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTURE. 



usual daily output of circular mills varies from 20,000 to 40,000 feet, 

 while single band saws cut about 60,000 feet in a 10-hour shift. 

 The double-band type is usually installed now by large operators. 

 Such a mill running night and day, a practice frequently followed 

 during good market conditions, manufactures from 225,000 to 250,000 

 feet of lumber each day, or from 40,000,000 to 50,000,000 feet each 

 season. 



The following cost items give a correct general idea of the expense 

 of manufacturing sugar-pine lumber from the time logs reach the 

 pond up to and including the loading of the finished lumber on cars 



for shipment. 



Cost per 1,000 board feet. 



Unloading logs in pond 



Milling , 



Maintenance .' . 



Distribution and yard handling , 



PiUng 



Surfacing a part of stock and loading on cars 



Sugar pine is cut in the following stock sizes: V, IJ", 1^", 2", 

 2y, 3'', and 4''' in grades Nos. 1, 2, and 3 clear and Nos. 1 and 2 shop. 

 Dimension stock, gi^aded Nos. 1, 2, and 3 common, is cut 1^' and 2", 

 while box, which uses up nearly the entire output of common, is cut 1" 

 and l~y. All grades above common are cut to surface, on two sides, 

 fuUf'', l^Zg-" l^'', If", 2^^", 2|", and3|''. Slabs and other "waste" 

 sometimes are used in the manufacture of 4-foot lath. Much of the 

 sugar-pine lumber now being supplied to the markets east of the 

 Sierras is in the form of shop lumber for general mill-work. Siding, 

 ceiling, etc., are manufactured only incidentally to fill special orders, 

 and can not be considered standard products of sugar-pine mills. 



CUT. 



Sugar pine was not exploited extensively until 1895, and no attempt 

 to market it as a separate species was made until 1901. Exact figures 

 showing the amount cut up to 1907 are not available, but, as nearly 

 as can be ascertained, this amount ranged from 30,000,000 feet in 

 1902 to 90,000,000 feet in 1907. The mills cuttmg sugar pine and 

 other species produced approximately 500,000,000 feet board meas- 

 ure, of all species, annually from 1909 to 1913. Sugar pine formed 

 22 per cent of this amount, or 110,000,000 feet. The cut in 1908 was 

 somewhat less on account of the industrial depression. In 1913 the 

 cut was close to 120,000,000 feet. 



Probably a billion feet of sugar pine has been cut since 1901, or a 

 little over 2 per cent of the total stand. The disturbances in the 

 lumber market attendant upon the European war have probably de- 

 creased this scale of production temporarily. Large holders of pine 



