I 



LIFE HISTOET OP CODLING MOTH IN PECOS VALLEY, N. MEX. 3 



The second generation includes: 



The second brood of eggs; 



The second brood of larvse, wMcli includes both transforming larvge and wintering 

 larvae; 



The second brood of pupie, resultiag from transforming larvse; 



Th£ second brood of moths, which emerge from pupse of the same generation. 

 The third generation includes: 



The third brood of eggs; 



The third brood of larvse, which includes both transforming larvse and wintering larvse; 



The third brood of ptipie, resulting from the transforming larvse; 



The third brood of moths, which emerge from pupse of the same generation. 

 The fourth generation (not complete) includes: 



The fourth brood of eggs; 



The fourth brood of larvae; none of these larvse transform until the following spring. 



SEASONAL-HISTORY STUDIES OF 1912. 



The rearing material in the spring of 1912 consisted of a consid- 

 erable number of overwintering larvse which had been collected at 

 random in near-by orchards. About 500 larvse were collected in 

 January and early March, and later in March and in early April several 

 thousand more were secured from the same source. Some 500 larvse 

 were transferred to ''pupation sticks" (figs. 6, 7) for pupal observa- 

 tion, but the mortality among them was imduly high and many of 

 them failed to withstand the transfer and reconstruction of cocoons. 

 The overwintering larvse in the spring were found in poor condition, 

 many being small and feeble, and even in the field a number of dead 

 ones were found in the cocoons. 



A supply of larvse was transferred from the field station at Douglas, 

 Mich., both for the purpose of introducing the parasitic hymenop- 

 terous fly Ascogaster carpocajjsae Vier., and to compare the time of 

 emergence of the moths with specimens native to Roswell, N. Mex. — 

 a point of interest in view of the frequent extensive shipment of 

 larv^ie into localities of variable conditions. 



THE SPRING BROOD. 



PUPATION OF SPRING BROOD. 



The few observations taken on the pupal stage of the spring orood 

 arc not sufficient for conclusions as to the exact length of the pupal ■ 

 stage, nor the degree of variation in the spring brood of pupse. The 

 earliest pupa was found in the field March 15, and the earliest moth 

 appciircd in cages from field-coUected material Aprd 12, the pupation 

 period being approximately 31 days. Fully 50 per cent of the insects 

 wer(! puf)8r! in th(; field })y April 2, and on May 5 about one-lialf of 

 tli(! riiotlis had emc^rgcd, whi(;h sliows that the pupal stag(i for most 

 ir)(li\ iduals was about one month. The f)upal stage during the 

 lultcr half of tlu; j)U|>al period Wiis niiich short<^r. Records of s(^ven 

 indivi(hjals from March 22 lo May 14, giv(( an av(U"ag(^ of 24.4 days for 

 th(! pupal stage. 



