JUDGING THE DAIRY COW IN" SCHOOLS. 



11 



Neck. — The necks of the cow and the bull are radically different. 

 That of the cow should be of medium length, slender, free from flesii 

 and loose skin; it should be small at the junction with the head and 

 should join the shoulders smoothly. The neck of the bull should be 

 of medium length, small at the head and swelling into a prominent 

 crest. The crest in the bull indicates masculinity and should be both 

 high and broad. 



F orequarters. — Withers: The withers should be sharp, the ends of 

 the shoulder blades fitting close to the spinal processes and ending 

 some distance below the top of them. This junction should be so 







Flu. 7. — A good type of dairy bull. 



smooth as to form a straight line fiom the top of the spinal processes 

 down the shouhler blade to its junction with the foreleg. 



Body — Capacity. — Back : It is very important that there be great 

 strength in this region, as the back supports tlie weight of the 

 abdom(;n or barrel. 



Ribs: PMat ribs are found to be associated with the wedge-shaped, 

 l(?an appearance of the dairy aniiniil as compared witli tlie round ribs 

 of the beef animal. 



Barrel: The bai'rel, in both the male and the female, should be 

 broad, deep, and full and well held iif) witii well-sprung I'ibs. The 

 barrel contains the stomach, liver-, and intestines, the chief organs 

 of digestion. A good-si/cd baiicl indicates large capacity for digest- 



