LUMBEEING IN PIISTE EEGION OF CALIFORNIA. 



13 



at a single-band mill in the western part of the Plumas National 

 Forest. 



1'able 2. — Comparison of the lumber grades produced from sugar and yellow pine, showing 

 the results of two mill tallies. 



Grades. 



Mill tally No. 1. 



Sugar 

 pine. 



Yellow 

 pine. 



MilltallyNo. 2. 



Sugar 

 pine. 



Yellow 

 pine. 



Xos. 1 and 2 clear 



No. 3 clear 



C select 



Australian 



No. 1 shop 



No. 2 shop 



No. 3 shop 



Nos. 1 and 2 common 



Box 



No. 3 common 



■ cent. 



8.3 



3.8 



.8 



.5 



7.2 



10.9 



5.8 



31.3 



30.0 



1.4 



Per cent. 

 8.8 

 4.1 

 .6 

 2.4 

 8.3 

 13.8 

 4.4 

 31.2 

 25.6 

 .8 



Per cent. 



9.4 



3.3 



.1 



.2 



11.9 



14.2 



6.2 



41.9 



12.5 



.2 



Per cent. 



7.5 



3.6 



.2 



1.1 



12.2 



14.1 



6.2 



36.5 



18.5 



.1 



PART II. LOGGING. 



The term ' 'logging" as commonly used covers all the work of hand- 

 ling logs from the standing timber to the sawmill. It is divided, by 

 custom, into several steps. In the discussion which follows, each 

 step is treated separately in the order in which it occurs in logging. 

 The object is to give the various methods of handling each step in 

 such a manner that they may be compared, and, further, to give 

 approximate outputs and costs for different methods under given 

 conditions as an aid in estimating the cost of logging in going or 

 prospective operations. 



The cost of delivering logs at the mills in this region, including 

 railroad construction, but exclusive of depreciation on equipment, 

 overhead expenses, and stumpage, range from $4 to $6.25 per 1,000 

 feet, log scale. Where the railroad hauls are medium and involve an 

 operating expense of not more than SI per 1,000, the cost in the easy 

 stands is from $4 to S4.75 per 1,000. The cost in most operations 

 is between S4.75 and $5.50 per 1,000. Difficult logging conditions 

 and railroad haul or less efficient methods may raise the cost to from 

 $5.50 to $6.25 per 1,000. 



prp:paring logs for transport. 



Preparing h^gs for transport is usually spoken of as felling and 

 bucking, tliough it incliuh^s lim})ing as well, and sometimes peeling. 

 P'cUing, limbing, and bucking are commonly considered as a single 

 step. Each felling f;rew, with the requisite number of limbers and 

 buckers, is a separate unit. 



EQIJIPMKNT. 



P>Rch set of "fallers" rcfjuires two f(Jling saws, one for use while 

 the other is being filed. The common lengtli is S U'o.i, tbougli i(. is 

 usually necessary to have oru; or two extra 10-foot saws on the job 



