LtTMBEEllSTG IN PINE REGION OF CALIEOENIA. 43 



VTiich operated by steam from the donkey boiler or a separate engine 

 and boiler. The advantage of the separate engine is that yarding or 

 chute hauling need not be interfered with to favor loadmg. Further, 

 when a separate boiler is used, loading does not lower the steam in 

 the donkey boiler. The crew and labor costs are the same with a 

 separate loading engine as with a loading spool. Probably from 2 to 

 4 cents per 1,000 should be added for maintenance; but this extra 

 cost is undoubtedly more than offset by increased efficiency in yard- 

 ing. A 71 by 10 inch three drum loading- donkey weighing 11,000 

 pounds costs $1,550 f. o. b. factory. A 6§ by 8 inch twin drum 

 loading engine weighing about 7,000 pounds costs about $1,000 

 f. o. b. factory. 



One firm uses 6^ by 8 inch loading engines at each yarder or chute 

 donkey. The loading engines are placed on a platform' on the oppo- 

 site side of the track from the landing and the loading is done by 

 means of a short cable exactly as in the horse crosshaul. The crew 

 and cost is approximately the same as given above under the gin-pole 

 system. Another style of loading, used by one large operator in this 

 region, is a crotch line supported by an A frame placed on the front 

 ends of the donkey skids. This A frame is primarily for supporting 

 the yarding line and is obviously modeled upon the principle of the 

 steam skidders. No landings are needed, but loading is difficult, 

 dangerous to employees, and interferes to a certain extent with 

 yarding. The loading crew is the same as that employed at each 

 yarder by the gin-pole system. 



Special log-loading machines have not yet proved satisfactory in 

 this region in connection with donkey logging, the cost being higher 

 than if a gin pole were employed. They are, however, very efficient 

 in big-wheel logging operations, for use in loading from log decks, for 

 transferring logs from one car to another, and for picking up logs 

 along the railroad right of way. The type generally used is a seh- 

 propelhng loader having an inclosed raised platform upon which is 

 located a donkey engine and loading drums. When loading the 

 trucks are raised up and the machine rests on four supports, thus 

 giving room for the empty cars to pass underneath. The loading is 

 done by a cable and crotch line passing tlu'ough a block at the end of 

 a boom. Tliis boom is in the form of an A frame and may be cither 

 rigid or swinging. The cost ranges from S5,500 to $7,500 each. The 

 daily capacity varies from 120,000 to 150,000, depending upon the 

 chance and the size of the logs. It is usually found practicable in 

 large big-wheel operations to deliver from 100,000 to 120,000 daily at 

 each loadci-. At one re[)rf'sentativ(! opciration the crew consists of 



1 engin(!or, I finurian, 1 woo(ll)Ufk, I top loader, 1 se(H>nd h)a(I(M-, iiiid 



2 hookers, tlie total daily cost Ix-.ing $10.10. Wat(M" is supplied in a 



