FOREST PLANTING IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES. 



35 



Douglas fir has been planted on poor stony soils in southern Michi- 

 gan and Ohio and on poor sandy soils in Rhode Island, and so far 

 has done very well. It is hardy and grows fairly rapidly. The 

 Rocky Mountain or northern Idaho variety should prove to be an 

 admirable tree for planting in the eastern region, but the Pacific 

 Coast variety may be damaged by frost. 



White spruce has lately come into favor in the Middle West as a 

 tree for windbreaks, and would probably do as well in the northeast. 

 It does not grow as rapidly as Norway spruce, but retains its lower 

 foliage better, and at the age of about 40 years, when Norway spruce 

 is likely to become ragged, is in its best condition for windbreak pur- 

 poses. For this purpose it should not be spaced more closely than 

 12 by 12 feet. On account of its tolerance, it is well adapted for 

 underplanting old deteriorating stands of cottonwood or maple. 



Table 10. — Species and methods for 'planting in different regions. 



TREELESS REGION. 



Species to plant. 



Cottonwood . . 



Silver maple... 



Green ash 



Hardy catalpa. 



Black walnut... 

 European larch. 



White pine 



White spruce. . . 

 Norway spruce. 



Soil. 



Moist soil; sandy 

 river bottom 

 best. 



Fresh to moist 



loam or sandy 



loam. 

 Well-drained loam 



soil. 

 Well-drained loam 



or sandy loam. 



do 



do 



Well-drained 

 sandy or loam 

 soils. 



Fresh to moist 

 loam. 



do 



Spacing. 



15 x 15 and under- 

 plant with silver 

 maple, or plant 

 2 to 4 feet apart 

 in rows. 



6x8 



4x4. 

 6x8. 



6x6 



12 x 12; fill in to a 

 6x6 spacing 

 with white pine. 



6x6 



For windbreak 



10 x 10. 

 do 



Planting method. 



Plant cuttings in 

 a furrow. 



Sow seed direct . . 



Sow seed direct or 



slit method. 

 Slit method 



Sow seed direct 



Slit method 



Slit or furrow 

 method. 



do 



Slit method. 



Products. 



Lumber and cord- 

 wood. 



Cordwood. 



Handle material, 



farm timbers. 

 Posts 



Lumber 



Poles, posts. 



Lumber. 



Lumber, pulp, 



cordwood. 

 do 



Years. 

 30-40 



40-50 

 18-20 



50-75 

 25-40 







HARDWOOD REGION. 









Well- drained 

 black or clay 

 loam. 



do 



6x6 





50-75 





4x4 



Sow seed direct or 



slit method. 

 do 



cordwood. 



Handle material, 



farm timbers. 

 do 



40-50 





do 



4x4 



40-50 





do 



6x8 



Slit method 



do 





18-20 



Tulip poplar — 

 White pine 



Moist loam 



Sandy soil or grav- 

 elly loam. 

 do 



8x8 





40-50 



6x6 



do 



do 



50 



6x6 





do 



50 















NORTHEAST REGION. 



White pine . 



Norway pine . . . 

 Norway spruce. 



Red oak 



Yellow poplar » . 



Sandy or gravelly 

 loam; rocky hill- 

 sides. 



Poor sandy or 

 gravelly soils. 



Heavier loam soils. 



Sandy or clay soils. 

 Moist loam soil 



5 x 5 to 6 x 6. 



6x6. 



8x8. 



Sow seed direct; 

 dig hole for each 

 tree; slit method. 



do 



Slit method; dig 



hole for each tree. 



Sow seed direct. .. 



Slit method 



Lumber. 



.do. 



.do. 



.do. 



.do. 



50-60 

 50-60 



50 



40-50 



1 Yellow poplar should not be planted farther north than southern New York or southern New England. 



