10 



BULLETIN 155, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Dimensions and weights of standard two-piece bands — Continued. 



[Dimensions in inches and weights in pounds.] 





Kind. 



Threads. 



Nuts. 



Washers. 



Heads. 



d 



o 



o is 

 -.2 



© o 



9 © 



!§■ 



— -_ 



■d 



a 



3 

 o 

 u* 



a m 



"eo o 



"SC 



§1 



Sh i-H 



^§ 



*3 O 



.3 * 

 M 



'3 



Weights. 



■a 



§ 



•6 



§ 

 .a 



o 

 © 



i 



a 

 5 



a 



M 



o 



9* 



a 

 o 



a 



-3 



o 



to 



as 



a 



3 



u 



a 



eg 



s 



s 



d 



M 

 3 

 03 

 O 



o 



w 





£ 



8 



CN 



3 



A 

 w 



3 



o 



o 



CN 



<s 



p. 



CO 



o 

 o 



<N 



<£ 

 ft 

 CO 



-d 



C3 



M 



8 . 

 "S • 



a O 

 ft- 

 ■u CD 



fS 

 is'" 



o 





Thread each end, 

 square nut 



i 



5 



8 



If 



l 



2J 



9 



1* 









4,005.0 

 •4,521.0 



5,068.5 



106.3 

 89.0 



1 35.0 



1= 



55.4 

 95.6 



66.0 

 115.2 



1= 



81.0 

 135.5 



4, 146. 3 





Thread each end, 



hexagonal nut 



Button head each 





1 



2A 



4, 129. 

 4,060.4 





Square head each 













i 



I 





1H 



i* 



2f 



7 



IA 



4,100.6 





151. l] 





Thread each end, 



4, 712. 1 



1* 



Thread each end, 



hexagonal nut 



Button head each 



5 



/ 



IlJi 



2 



2A 



124.9 



r 



4,685.9 

 4, 587. 













Square head each 







1 



[ia 



I 



5 



7 



2 



ij 



23 



7 



H 



4, 636. 2 





Thread each end, 



202.1 

 174.0 



1 38.6 



5, 309. 1 



1* 



Thread each end, 



hexagonal nut 



Button head each 



jiH 



41 

 « 



1A 



2M 



5,281.1 

 5, 149. 5 













Square head each 









1 1 















5,204.0 



















For determining the spacing of bands many formulas have been 

 developed and diagrams have also been prepared for graphical de- 

 termination. 1 The following formula prepared by S. Fortier has 

 been very commonly used : 



d= sypn in which d equals distance between bands in inches. 



$=maximum tensile strength of each band in pounds. 



P=pressure of water in pounds per square inch in bottom of pipe. 



/?— internal radius of pipe in inches. 



^^coefficient to allow for strain caused by swelling of wood, and 

 includes safety factor of about 4 or 5 for bands. 



The spacing of bands on some of the earlier pipes built was as 

 wide as 16 inches or more, but at present 10 inches is considered the 

 maximum permissible, and on some important recent work the max- 

 imum was placed much lower than this, even though the pressures 

 did not require it. 



There is a tendency for the ends of staves to spring out when sub- 

 jected to high pressure and often under light heads where bands are 

 farther apart, if the pipe is exposed to the sun. In order to over- 



*Engin. News, 60 (1908), p. 343. 



