PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE AS AN INSECT FUMIGANT. 

 Experiments with para-dichlorobenzene as afumigant. 



Experiment 

 No. and date. 



Insects introduced. 



Aver- 

 age 

 temper- 

 ature. 



Length 

 expo- 

 sure. 



Date 

 exam- 

 ined. 



Para- 

 dichloro- 

 benzene 



used. 



Per 



cent 



killed. 



Remarks. 







"F. 



Hours. 











No. 1, Mar. 25, 



Tribolium confusum 



52 



72 



Apr. 1 



1 ounce . 



None. 



All revived. Pre- 



1914 



Duv.; T.ferrugineum 

 Fab. ; Calandra oryza 

 L.; C. granaria L.; 

 Silvanus surinamen- 

 sisL.; Rhizopertha 

 dominica Fab.; 

 Laemophloeus m i- 

 nutus 01iv.;Tenebrio 

 molitor L. ; Sitotroga 

 cerealella Oliv.; Plo- 

 dia interpunctella 

 Hbn.; E phes tia 





' 









liminary ttest. 

 Temperature 

 too low. Va- 

 pors diffused 

 very slowly. 

 Eggs, larvae, 

 pupae, and 

 adults used in 

 the case of 

 Ephestia kueh- 

 niella and Plo- 















dia interpunc- 





kuehniella Zell. 













tella. Capacity 

 of fumigating 

 box used, 7 

 cubic feet. 



No. 2, Apr. 7, 



Same as in experiment 



59 



96 



Apr. 13 



8 ounces. 



None. 



All revived. Pre- 



1914. 



No. 1. 













liminary test. 

 Temperature 

 too low. Fumi- 

 gating box 

 used, 7 cubic 

 feet. 



No. 3, Apr. 18, 



Same as in experiment 



65 



96 



Apr. 25 



8 ounces. 



20 



Unsatisfactory. 



1914. 



No. 1. 













Preliminary 

 test. Fumigat- 

 ing box used, T 

 cubic feet- 



No. 4, Apr. 28, 



Tribolium confusum 



81 



24 



May 5 



2 pounds 



100 



100 cubic feet 



1914. 



Duv. ; T.ferrugineum 

 Fab. ; Calandra oryza 

 L.; C. granaria L.; 

 Silvanus surinamen- 

 sis L.; Rhizopertha 

 dominica Fab. ; Sito- 

 troga cerealella Oliv. ; 













fumigating box 

 used for this 

 experiment. 



\ 



Plodia interpunc- 

 tella Hbn.; Ephestia 

 kuehniella Zell.; 

 (Bruchus) Pachy- 

 merus 4-maculatus 

 Fab. 















No. 5, Apr. 29, 

 1914. 



Roaches 



80 



24 



May 2 



2 ounces. 



100 



5 cubic feet fumi- 





gating jar used. 



No. 6, May 1, 



Mites on corn 



78 



28 



May 5 



2 ounces. 



100 



5 cubic feet fumi- 



1914. 















gating jar used. 



No. 7, May 4, 



Slugs, snails, sowbugs, 



82 



36 



May 9 



2 pounds 



100 



100 cubic feet fu- 



1914. 



millipedes, ants. 













migating box 

 used. 

 100 cubic feet 



No. 8, May 11, 



Tribolium confusum 



86 



24 



May 16 



2 pounds 



100 



1914. 



Duv.; Calandra ory- 













fumigating box 

 used in this 





- zaL; Silvanus sur- 















inamensisL.; Sito- 













exp eriment. 





troga cerealella Oliv. ; 













Four bricks 





Plodia interpunc- 













were heated to 





tella Hbn.; Ephestia 













a high temper- 





kuehniella Zell.; 













at ure and 





Laemophloeus minu- 













placed in box 





tus Oliv.; Tenebrio 













in order to ob- 





molitor L. 













tain higher 

 temperature. 

 Unsatisfactory. 



No. 9, May 14, 



Same as in experiment 



73 



24 



May 20 



2 pounds 



70 



1914. 



No. 8. 













Tempera t u r e 

 too low. 



No. 10, May 15, 

 1914. 



Flies 



81 



20 



May 16 



8 ounces. 



100 



100 cubic feet 















space. 



No. 11, May 18, 

 1914. 



Aphides 



80 



20 



May 19 



8 ounces. 



100 



100 cubic feet 













space. 



No. 12.. May 19, 1914, 4 ounces of finely ground para-dichlorobenzene were sprinkled over pieces of 

 woolen cloth and placed in a 100-cubic-foot fumigating box for a period of 24 hours, at an average tempera- 

 ture of 76° F. Upon examination it was discovered that the fine crystals adhered to the lint of the wool 

 but were readily brushed off with a whisk broom. After two hours' exposure in the open air the odor of 

 para-dichlorobenzene was barely perceptible. 



No. 13. May 20, 1914, a test "on the germination of seed was made. One pint of Argentine corn, about 

 half of which had previously sprouted, was put in a 7-inch flower pot containing 4 inches of moist fertile 

 soil. The pot was then introduced into a 100-cubic-foot fumigating box and exposed to the vapors of para- 



