THE EUROPEAN PINE-SHOOT MOTH. I 



repeated infestation of the leading twigs during several consecutive 

 seasons producing additional malformations which result in a much 

 distorted tree of little commercial value. If the pest becomes more 

 abundant, then the trees are transformed by the effect of the injury 

 into unsightly crippled bushes with no commercial value. 



DESCRIPTION. 



THE ADULT. 



(PI. II, upper figure.) 



The European pine-shoot moth is a small, gayly colored moth, 

 about one-half inch long and measuring about three-fourths of an 

 inch across with the wings extended. The head and its appendages 

 and the thorax are light orange-yellow, and the abdomen is dark gray. 

 The forewings are bright ferruginous orange, suffused with dark 

 red, especially toward the tips, and with several irregular, forked 

 anastomizing, silvery crosslines and costal strigulse; the hindwings 

 are dark blackish brown. The legs are whitish, the anterior ones 

 reddish in front. 



THE EGG. 



The egg is very small, flat, whitish in color, and is laid singly at 

 the base of a bud. Dissection of a female abdomen proves that 

 upwards of a hundred eggs are laid by each female; this is a rather 

 greater fecundity than is normal in this group of insects. 



THE LARVA. 



(PL II, lower figure.) 



The young larva is dark brown with deep black head and thoracic 

 shield, the latter divided by a narrow central line. The body of 

 the older larva becomes somewhat lighter, but is still much darker 

 than the larva of any of our allied native species. The full-grown 

 larva is two-thirds of an inch long. 



THE PUPA. 



The pupa is stout, robust, light chestnut brown with darker head 

 and back. The wing covers reach to the end of the fourth abdominal 

 segment. The abdominal segments are armed with rings of short, 

 sharp, blackish-brown spines. 



ALLIED AMERICAN SPECIES. 



There are in this country several indigenous species closely allied 

 to Evetria buoliana, and like it confined to pine. Some of these 

 already constitute a serious problem and periodically do considerable 



