10 BULLETIN" 170, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



have attacked only one or two buds before the winter resting period 

 intervenes. 



The fact that this species is stationary during the greater part of 

 the year and only found within definite parts of certain kinds of 

 trees, namely, in the next year's buds of pines, makes effective con- 

 trol work much easier than is the case with insect pests which 

 are general feeders and which are not confined to definite parts 

 of the food plant, as, for example, the gipsy moth or the brown- 

 tail moth. While the European pine-shoot moth is confined to 

 nurseries and private parks and has not spread to the native pines, 

 it should prove a comparatively easy task to eradicate the species 

 absolutely within any limited area. At the present time it would 

 even seem possible completely to stamp out this dangerous pest in 

 America, and forestall the infestation of our native pine forests, 

 provided that the danger of new infestation is removed. But when 

 once the species has multiplied sufficiently to become generally dis- 

 tributed on the native pines the possibility of eradication will be 

 past. 



SYNONYMY OF EVETRIA BUOLIANA SCHIFFERMILLER. 



Tortrix buoliana Scbifferrniller, Syst. Verz. d. Scbniett., p. 128, 1776. 

 Coccyx buoliana Treitschke, Scbinetterlinge von Europa, vol. 8, p. 140, 1830. 

 Tortrix {Coccyx) buoliana Ratzeburg, Die Forst-Insecten, vol. 2, p. 202, 1840. 

 Retinia buoliana Guenee, Europaeorum Microlepidopterorurn index methodicus, 



p. 46, 1845. 

 Coccyx buoliana Herricb-Scbaffer. Bearb. d. Schmetterlinge von Europa, vol. 4, 



p. 221, 1849. 

 Evetria buoliana Meyrick, Handbook of Britisb Lepidoptera, p. 470, 1895. 

 Evetria buoliana Rebel, Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Faunen- 



gebietes, T. II, No. 1851, 1901. 



LITERATURE. 1 



1776. Scbifferrniller, I. Systematiscbes Verzeicbniss der Scbmetterlinge der 

 Wiener Gegend. Wien. 



Original description of Evetria buoliana. 

 1809. Niemann, E. Forststastistik der Daniscben Staaten, Altona. 



Describes outbreak in Denmark in 1805-1807, and the collecting of larvae in 

 the effort to control the species. 



1838. Hartig, T. Tortrix buoliana. In Jabresbericbte iiber die Fortscbritte 

 der Forstwissenscbaft und forstlicben Naturkunde, Jabrg. 1, Heft 2, 

 p. 267-268, Berlin. 



Records the rearing of 15 species of parasites from Evetria buoliana. 



1840. Ratzeburg, J. T. C. Die Forst-Insecten, T. 2, p. 202-207, Taf. XIV, fig. 4. 

 Berlin. 



Detailed account with illustrations of the life history, work, economic im- 

 portance, remedies, natural enemies, and literature of the species, with 

 notes of severe outbreaks in Germany, 1835-1838. 



1 This is not intended to be a complete bibliography of Evetria buoliana; a large num- 

 ber of special articles have appeared in various publications in Europe, and every hand- 

 book on insects or forestry contains more or less exhaustive accounts of this pest. 



