THE PEAE THKIPS IN CALIFORNIA. 21 



PUPA (second stage). 



Total length 1.416 mm.; length of head 0.183 mm., width, 0.166 mm.; length of 

 prothorax 0.166 mm., width 0.25 mm.; width of mesothorax 0.35 mm.; length of 

 abdomen 0.783 mm., width 0.416 mm. Shape similar to adult, which is visible 

 beneath the thin transparent shell. Apparently brownish in color, caused by adult 

 within. Head broader than long; eyes large, dark brown; mouth-cone of adult 

 within extending to posterior edge of prothorax. Antennae large, cumbersome, laid 

 back on the head and extending past middle of prothorax, four-jointed; I short; II 

 elbowed, about twice as long as I; III short, cylindrical; IV longer than III, sides 

 uneven as knotted club gently tapering to obtuse apex. Joint I of adult is in joint I 

 of pupa, joint II of adult in joint II of pupa, and III of adult within III of pupa; 

 remaining joints of adult within IV of pupa; 3 or 4 white, inconspicuous hairs pro- 

 jecting cephalad from elbow on joint II. Prothorax broader than long. Mesothorax 

 about one and one-half times as broad as prothorax. Wing-pads extending to distal 

 margin of eighth abdominal segment, fore pair not quite so far. Abdomen widest at 

 third and fourth segments, tapering from there to obtuse apex. Posterior edge on 

 ventral side of segment IX with four strong spines resembling a meat fork. This is 

 apparently the cremaster. Legs stout. Entire body with numerous inconspicuous 

 white hairs. (PI. I, fig. 6.) 



Length of head 0.13 mm., width 0.15 mm.; length of prothorax 0.13 mm., width 

 0.2 mm.; width of mesothorax 0.28 mm.; width of abdomen 0.31 mm.; total length 

 1.26 mm. Length of antennal segments: I 33/*, II 45/*, III 63/*, IV 54/*, V 33/*, 

 VI 66/*, VII 9/*, VIII 12/*, total 0.31 mm. Color dark brown; tarsi light brown to 

 yellow. Head slightly wider than long, cheeks arched, anterior margin angular, back 

 of head transversely striate and bearing a few minute spines and a pair of very long 

 prominent spines between posterior ocelli. Eyes prominent, oval in outline, black 

 with light borders, coarsely faceted and pilose. Ocelli approximate, yellow, margined 

 inwardly with orange-brown crescents, the posterior ones approximate to, but not 

 contiguous with, light inner borders of eyes. Mouth-cone pointed, tipped with 

 black; maxillary palpi three-segmented; labial palpi two-segmented, basal segment 

 very short. Antennse eight-segmented, about two and one-half times as long as head, 

 uniform brown except segment III, which is light brown; spines pale; a forked sense- 

 cone on dorsal side of segment III, with a similar one on ventral side of segment IV. 

 Prothorax about as long but wider than head ; a weak spine at each anterior and two 

 large, strong ones on each posterior angle; other spines not conspicuous. Mesothorax 

 with sides evenly convex, angles rounded; metanotal plate with four spines near front 

 edge, inner pair largest. The mesonotal and metanotal plates are faintly striate. 

 Legs moderately long, uniform brown except tibiae and tarsi, which are yellow. 

 Spines on tip of fore and middle tibiae weak; several strong spines on hind tibiae. 

 Wings present, extending beyond tip of abdomen, about twelve times as long as 

 wide, pointed at tips; costa of forewings thickly set with from 29 to 33 quite long 

 spines; fore vein with 12 to 15 arranged in two groups of 3 and 6, respectively, on 

 basal half of wing and a few scattering ones on distal part; hind vein with 15 or 16 

 regularly placed spines; costal fringe on fore wing about twice as long as costal spines. 

 Abdomen subovate, tapering abruptly toward the tip from the eighth segment; 

 longest spines on segments 9 and 10; abdomen uniform brown, connective tissue 

 yellow. (PL I, fig. 1.1 



