2g8 



SCIENCE-GOSSIF. 



s. of Tarbagtai, Cent. Asia (Avistat. ). Elwes stales 

 that it has been taken in the E. Altai. 



24. P. nordmanni Nordm. Bull. Mosc. 1851, 

 II. 423. Aust. Parn. 132, Lg. B. E., p. 19, 

 pi. IV. 3. 



55—57 ram- 

 Differs from P. clariiis in the narrower shape of 

 the wings, and in the ground colour being of a more 

 yellowish white, in the absence of the third or ex- 

 ternal subcostal spot on f.w. The subniarginal band 

 is merged into the marginal, so as to form one, this 

 being broadest towards the costa and terminating 

 towards the centre of the wing, forming a grey, semi- 

 transparent, apical blotch, rather than a band. H.w. 

 without any trace of marginal dentate markings, 

 basal black shading less extensive than in P. clarius. 

 The spot near anal angle wanting. Costal and 

 central spots very light red or orange. U.S. as above, 

 but with a glazed surface. 



Hab. High mountains in Armenia and Georgia, 

 on the Asiatic side of the Caucasus. VII. Rare in 

 collections. 



This species is figured in my " Butterflies of 

 Europe." I am now quite aware that I ought not 

 to have given it as European ; but it must be re- 

 membered that during the last twenty years our 

 knowledge of the genus Parnassius has greatly in- 

 creased. 



a. var. minima Honr. B. E. Z. 1885, p. 272, 

 pi. 8, fig. 2. Aust. Parn. 132, pi. 22, fig. 1-2. 

 40 — 45 mm. Differs from the type principally in its 

 smaller expanse. The wings are purer white. F.w. 

 with a slight trace of the external subcostal spot. 

 H.w. with the basal shading carried up more along 

 disc-cell, and with a trace of a black spot near an. 

 ang. Hab. Caucasus. VIH.b. Seems to be 

 much commoner than the type. Dr. Staudinger has 

 sent me a form which he names 77iinor, intermediate 

 between the type and var. minima, from the 

 Caucasus. 



25. P. eversmanni Men. Mus. Petr. 1855, 

 p. 73, pi. I. fig. 2. Aust. p. 133, pi. 20, fig. 2. 



55—57 mm. 



$ with the ground colour of all the wings of rich 

 light chrome yellow in place of white. Marginal 

 J^and reaching the entire length of the ou. marg. 

 Grey and semi-transparent. Internal to this are two 

 perfectly distinct parallel bands of greyish black, 

 reaching from costa to in. marg. ; there are three 

 subcostal spots, the two external ones reaching 

 beyond the disc, cell to the centre of wing. Base 

 shaded with black. H.w. with basal and in. marg. 

 shading, as in P. clarius. Marginal indentations as 

 in P. dentata. Red spots well defined, a large black, 

 irregular spot at an. ang. with slight traces of 

 red marking. ? Ground colour of wings white 

 (^Vosnesenskii). Markings as in ^ , but more pro- 

 nounced ; central red spot on h.w., joined by a 

 narrow black band to spot at anal angle, which is 



very distinctly marked with 3 red spots. Abdominal 

 pouch white, like that in P. mnemosyne. Neuration in 

 both sexes black. Antennae black, with pyriform 

 clubs. 



Hab. Nik (Amur), Kausk (W. Siberia), Poderka, 

 Vilui and Vitim Rivers (Siberia), Darkoti Altai 

 (Elwes), at an elevation of 7,000 feet. VII. 



Larva on Coiydalis gigantea (Graeser). 



P. eversinaittii 



26. P. fslderi Brem.-Lep. Ost. Sib. 1864, p. 6, 

 pi. I. 5. Aust. Parn. 143, pi. 19, fig. 2. 



60 — 70 mm. 



A much larger species than the last. Ground 

 colour white, not yellow. Wings very thinly covered 

 with scales. Neuration black. F.w. markings some- 

 what as in last, but the ante-marginal band is often 

 very slightly represented, a band corresponding to 

 the middle one in P. eversmanni, sometimes runs 

 from the external subcostal spot to the centre of in. 

 marg. to meet the in. marg. spot, but this is not 

 constant ; there are only two ill-defined spots internal 

 to this, placed in the disc, cell ; base scarcely, if at 

 all, shaded. H.w. white, without any sub-marginal 

 band or marks. Base and in. marg. narrowly deep 

 black, but less extensively so than in P. e/verstnanni. 

 A black spot near an. ang. as in P. ^clarius. Costal 

 and central spots small and generally without any 

 red markings, very rarely with a faint trace of red in 

 centre. U.S. of f.w. as above, but very indefinite, 

 the markings of the upper surface showing through 

 the wing texture. H.w. with red centres to the 

 spots, sometimes in the form of red rings. Basal red 

 spots very faint, being clouded over with bright 

 yellow, which is the colour of the ventral surface of 

 thorax and abdomen. Antennae black with elongated 

 clubs. 



Hab. Amur, Bur.,V. and VII., Radd. VII. 



Larva on Coiydalis. (R. and H.) 



ab. atrata, Graeser, R. H. p. 113. A melanic 

 form of 9 . Hab. Radd. Amur. 



27. P. mnamosyne L. Sy.st. Nat. X. 465. 

 Aust. Parn. 155, pi. 23, i, 2. Lg. B. E. p. 20, 

 pi. IV. 4. V. 7 (Larva). 



54—63 mm. 



Wings white, without any red spots, either above 

 or beneath. P". w. with two deep black subcostal 

 spots, one at the external end of the disc, cell, the 

 other in its centre. Bases not shaded. A shor' 



