ZYGADENUS, OR DEATH CAMAS. 



31 



Table II. 



-Nonfatal cases of poisoning of sheep by Zygadenus veyieyiosus at Grey cliff ', 

 Mont., in 1912, 1913, and 1914— Continued. 



Feediag experiments. 



Number 

 of cases. 



Quantity used per 100 pounds of 

 animal. 



Maximum. Minimum. Average 



Season of 1914: 



Forced feeding of leaves 



Forced feeding of leaves and some young buds , 



Fed on leaves, some young buds, and a few flowers.. . 

 Forced feeding of leaves, stems, flowers, and buds — 



Material collected near the station 



Cabin Corral collections 



Fed on leaves, stems, flowers, and buds 



Forced feeding of leaves, stems, and flowers (Cabin 



Corral collections) 



Forced feeding of leaves, stems, flowers, and young 



fruit 



Forced feeding of very young seed heads 



Forced feeding of seed heads, some fully developed 



and others half developed 



Forced feeding of half-developed seed heads (Cabin 



Corral collections) 



Forced feeding of nearly developed seed heads 



Forced feeding of fully developed seed heads 



Forced feeding of ripening seed heads 



Forced feeding of pods with seeds removed 



Forced feeding of seeds , 



Pounds. 

 0.662 

 .499 



Pounds. 



0.661 



.550 



.622 



.495 



1.983 



1.436 



2.756 



.992 



.992 



.757 



1.754 



1.543 



1.323 



.881 



.994 



.440 



.741 



.740 



.110 



Pounds. 

 0. 6615 

 .5245 

 1.643 



.5495 

 1.789 

 1.912 



1.712 



.851 

 1.543 



1.432 



1.69 

 1.175 

 .859 

 .7415 

 .540 

 .153 



Table III summarizes the fatal cases in the three seasons. 



Table III. — Fatal cases of poisoning of sheep by Zygadenus venenosus at Grey cliff, 

 Mont., 1912, 1913, and 1914- 



Feeding experiments. 



Number 

 of cases. 



Quantity used per 100 pounds of 

 animal. 



ximum. Minimum. Average. 



Season of 1912: 



Drenched with fruit 



Season of 1913: 



Fed on leaves 



Drenched with leaves 



Drenched with leaves and flowers 



Season of 1914: 



Forced feeding of leaves, stems, and flowers. 

 Forced feeding of fully developed seed heads 

 Forced feeding of seeds 



Pounds. 

 0.853 



Pounds. 

 0.299 



.746 



.384 



.991 

 .220 



.882 

 .199 



Pounds. 

 0.571 



1.397 

 .537, 

 .550 



.544 

 .936 

 .213 



As these feedings were carried on during the season as long as the 

 plants could be obtained and as it was practically impossible to have 

 any considerable number of cases at one time, it is evident that the 

 number of cases under any given set of, conditions must have been 

 small. As a matter of fact, none of the cases of 1912 were strictly 

 comparable with those of 1913. Consequently, the actual averages 

 of dosage were based on a comparatively small number of cases. 



In 1914, there was a much larger number of cases, and some stages 

 of the plant were fed upon which no experiments were made in the 

 preceding years. Even in this year, however, there were only a few 

 cases in which the experiments were under identical conditions. 



