22 BULLETIN" 260, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Dogs which are kept free of such vermin as ticks by frequent baths 

 or other necessary measures and which are not allowed to wander 

 at will are reasonably safe from the standpoint of spotted fever or 

 other tick conveyance to man or stock. They are at least much safer 

 than those which are neglected, allowed to accumulate internal and 

 external parasites, and to carry and convey the same without 

 hindrance. 



MISCELLANEOUS PARASITES. 



In the foregoing part of this paper only those injuries, parasites, 

 and diseases traceable to the dog which are known to occur in the 

 United States have been mentioned. It should be stated, however, 

 that the dog is known to have quite a large number of other para- 

 sites, some of them already present in this county, which have been 

 found in man and stock in foreign countries, sometimes as rare and 

 unusual occurrences and sometimes very common and even in the 

 form of endemic, constantly present diseases. Inasmuch as almost 

 all of the parasites heretofore mentioned originated in foreign coun- 

 tries and were brought here, and since we have no guaranty and 

 but little protection against others being brought here, it will be 

 worth while to name some of the other parasites of which space for- 

 bids a detailed discussion. Some of the parasites mentioned below 

 have been found in the dog only as a result of experimental infesta- 

 tion, which is, however, proof that they might occur in nature under 

 suitable conditions of transmission. Some of these diseases, owing 

 to the nature of the life history, possibly could not obtain a foothold 

 in this country, but many of them certainly could. 



Protozoa. — The dog has been reported as a carrier of the following 

 protozoa : Entamoeba dysenterim, the cause of amebic dysentery in 

 man; Lamblia intestinalis, a flagellate protozoan which is rather 

 common in man in the United States ; Trypanosoma evansi, which is 

 the cause of surra, a disease of horses, cattle, etc., which has not yet 

 been introduced into this country, but which has been detected at the 

 quarantine station and kept out of the country by the United States 

 Bureau of Animal Industry on one occasion; Trypanosoma brucei, 

 which is the cause of nagana, a disease of horses, cattle, etc., which 

 occurs in Africa ; Trypanosoma equinum, which is the cause of mal de 

 caderas, a disease of horses in South America; Trypanosoma dimor- 

 phon, which causes a disease of horses, cattle, etc., in Africa ; Try- 

 panosoma pecaudi, which is the cause of baleri, a disease of horses in 

 Africa ; Nuttalia tropica, which is the cause of a piroplasmosis of 

 horses and cattle in India; Leishmania furunculosa (L. tropica), 

 which is the cause of Oriental sore, a disease of man which has re- 

 cently been reported from this continent at Panama; 1 Leishmania 



1 Oriental sore in Panama. By S. T. Darling. Arch. Int. Med., Chicago, v. 7, May, 

 1911, pp. 581-597. 



