CEEEAL EXPERIMENTS AT THE WILLISTON SUBSTATION. 23 



winter wheats. They have bearded heads and white, glabrous glumes, 

 except that North Dakota No. 1997 has become somewhat mixed and 

 contains some plants with red glumes. 



The Beloglina produced an average yield of 15.7 bushels for the six 

 years, and North Dakota No. 1997 yielded 15.3 bushels per acre. 

 The average yield is reduced because of the total killing of the 1912 

 crop. As previously stated, the plats were on bare ground that year. 

 The Beloglina was sown also in another location between corn rows 

 and the stalks left standing all winter. The spring survival of this 

 plat was good and a yield of 35.1 bushels per acre was harvested. 

 Substituting this yield in the year 1912, when there was no yield from 

 the plat sown on bare ground, would raise the average yield for 

 Beloglina from 15.7 to 21.6 bushels per acre for the six years. 



Buffum No. 17 (C. I. No. 3330), introduced into the tests in 1913, 

 gave a higher spring survival in 1913 and 1914 and a higher yield of 

 grain than either Beloglina or North Dakota No. 1997. The heads 

 of Buffum No. 17 are beardless and the glumes are glabrous. In 

 appearance it resembles Ghirka Winter wheat (C. I. No. 1438). The 

 other varieties have bearded smooth-chaffed heads. 



"With these results with winter wheat at Williston it would seem 

 that a good spring survival can not be had unless the plants have 

 some such protection as cornstalks or grain stubble. To seed on corn 

 ground and leave the stalks standing is too expensive where the corn 

 fodder is valued as highly as it is in the Williston district. 



In date-of-seeding trials of winter wheat at Williston it has been 

 found that seeding about the middle of August gives better results 

 than later seeding. If the stubble ground of some spring grain is 

 used for the winter wheat, it is necessary to seed almost as soon as 

 the grain crop can be removed. However, if the autumn is about 

 normal in rainfall, there is likely to be insufficient moisture in the 

 stubble land to germinate the seed. 



NURSERY TESTS OK WINTER WHEAT. 



Winter wheat has been tested in the nursery at Williston since 1911. 

 Selections have been made from the varieties that have shown the 

 hardiest qualities. Selecl inns also were obtained from hardy varieties 

 at the substations at Moccasin, Mont., and Newell, S. Dak. 



Different methods were used in preparing the ground for seeding. 

 Some sowings were made on bare ground, some in standing corn, 

 some in grain stubble, and. some, by covering the rows lightly with 

 straw. Whenever the rows wero protected in any way by a covering 

 of straw or snow, the winterkilling was very slight or there was none 

 at all. Whenever the rows remained without covering, mosi, or all 

 of the plants were lolled. 



