14 



BULLETIN 274, TJ. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



picking. (See fig. 15.) The berries run fairly uniform throughout 

 the crate, and the inspection is made by lifting up one end of the 

 cover and at a glance deciding on the general condition of the berries 

 as they appear in the top layer. There are four established grades, 

 as follows: 



D. — Stock that can be snipped 2,000 miles or more. 



M. — Stock of such character and maturity that it can be safely shipped more 

 than 1,000 miles. 



H. — Stock which because of faulty handling or overripeness must be consumed 

 in 24 hours. Such stock is used for local express shipments in pony refriger- 

 ators to near-by points. 



A. — Stock too soft and ripe for anything but canning. 



Pig. 13. — Growers waiting in line at Puyallup, Wash., to deliver the day's pick of red 

 raspberries at the cannery or receiving station. Note the various types of wagons 

 and carts in use. 



SHIPPING AND MARKETING. 



Red raspberries and other berries from this section are shipped by 

 express in crates to near-by cities, like Seattle, in pony refriger- 

 ators to markets as far distant as Spokane, Wash., and Missoula, 

 Mont., and in full carload lots in express refrigerator cars as far 

 east as Minneapolis, Minn. Before and after the car-lot season, pony 

 refrigerators are shipped to a greater number of markets and to 

 greater distances than during the car-lot season. Where berries are 

 shipped in crates, not in carload lots, no refrigeration is possible in 

 transit, and this necessarily limits the distance to which they can 

 be shipped in good condition. The crate ordinarily used holds 24 

 cups in 2 layers of 12 baskets each, and has a middle partition board. 



