THE TEEEAPIN SCALE. 59 



Images were taken from under puparia in small numbers at Mid- 

 vale, Pa., on July 27, 1913. These were the earliest specimens taken 

 during the two seasons of observation. 



EMERGENCE OF ADULT MALE. 



The imago (PI. II, g) usually leaves the puparium about the forty- 

 ninth day. In 1912 the early part of the season was favorable and 

 the imagos emerged upon the forty-ninth day, but later in the season 

 males reared from larvae that emerged from the brood chamber August 

 9 did not leave the puparium until the fifty-second day, with several 

 specimens delayed until the fifty-eighth day. In 1913 the males 

 emerged from the forty-third to the fifty-ninth day, with the maxi- 

 mum emergence upon the forty-ninth day. 



DESCRIPTION OP ADULT MALE. 



Length, exclusive of style, 1 mm.; style 0.15 mm.; caudal lobes 0.075 mm., being 

 one-half as long as the paired lateral appendages; antennae 0.6 mm.; wing, 0.44 mm. 

 long, 0.3 mm. wide. Light flesh color in general. Head light flesh color; anterior 

 pair of doisal eyes reddish brown; posterior dorsal eyes similar and one-half as large; 

 ventral pair dark brown and slightly larger than the anterior dorsal pair; antennse 

 whitish, 8-jointed, joint I short, thick, semiglobular; joint II slightly longer than I, 

 claviform; joint III as long as both I and II, slender and cylindrical; the remaining 

 joints cylindrical and subequal. Collar short cylindrical; prothorax narrow; dorsal 

 mesothorax light flesh color, with a flesh-colored shield-shaped spot above, and ter- 

 minated posteriorly by a narrow bright band of the same color; metathorax light 

 flesh color. Wing iridescent, surface granulose, false vein through anal third; hal- 

 teres none; caudal filments none; legs and style light brown. 



TWIGWARD MIGRATION OF THE MALE. 



The male backs out from under the puparium and at once starts 

 for the twigs. The wings are not ordinarily used in this migration. 

 The insect is attracted by strong light and seems to be guided some- 

 what in its movements by gravity and possibly also by the scent of 

 the female. The males leave the underside of the leaf and pass 

 down the petiole. When the twig is reached they turn downward 

 and examine the surface carefully as they pass over it. The antennae 

 are held aloft and nearly motionless, but the anterior tarsi are kept 

 in constant motion, tapping and feeling the surface of the twigs. 

 The males frequently in their search pass to the tips of the twigs, 

 and in such cases they may circle the twig a few times and then 

 return to the base and pass on, but when the illumination is strong 

 they alight upon other twigs and start again in active search. The 

 interval between emei^ing and starting the active search for the 

 female scales is very brief, being always less than 30 minutes. The 

 male is sexually mature when he emei^es. When he approaches 

 a female he taps upon the derm with his anterior legs, usually pass- 

 ing several times around the specimen in doing so, or he may conduct 

 the examination while upon the female's back. During such an 



