14 BULLETIN 359, U. S. DEPAETMEXT OF AGEICULTUEE. 



Table XIV. — Tensile strength hefore and after bleaching. 





Gray. 



Bleach A. 



Bleach B. 



Sample number. 



Num- 

 ber of 

 yam. 



Tensile strength. 



Num- 

 ber of 

 yam. 



Tensile strength. 



Num- 

 ber of 

 yam. 



Tensile strength. 



Pounds 



per skein 



(60 



yards). 



Ounces 



per 

 stagle 

 thread. 



Pounds 

 per skein 



(60 

 yards). 



Ounces 



per 

 smgle 

 thread. 



Pounds 

 per stein 



(60 

 yards). 



Oimces 



per 



smgle 



thread. 



1 



42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 



37.9 

 34.8 

 36.2 

 34.3 

 38.2 

 35.1 

 37.7 

 36.0 

 32.5 



8.7 

 8.0 

 8.2 

 7.9 

 9.0 

 8.4 

 8.4 

 8.6 

 8.2 



46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 



31.1 

 26.7 

 2S.8 

 28.5 

 29.7 

 27.2 

 31.7 

 33.8 

 28.3 



7.0 

 7.3 

 7.1 

 7.1 

 6.9 

 6.7 

 7.4 

 8.3 

 7.8 



47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 



34.6 



8.3 



2 





3 



33.0 

 31.0 

 38.8 

 28.0 

 37.0 

 29.5 

 34.0 



8.4 



4 



8.6 





8.7 



6 



7.0 





8.2 



8 



8.8 



9 



7.9 







Average 1-9 



Average 1-4 



42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 

 42.3 



35.8 

 35.8 

 36.6 

 35.4 



8.4 

 8.3 

 8.7 

 8.4 



46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 

 46.4 



29.5 

 28.8 

 28. 4 

 31.3 



7.3 

 7.1 

 6.8 

 7.8 



47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 

 47.0 



33.2 

 32.9 

 33.4 

 33.5 



8.2 

 8.4 

 7.9 



Average 7-9 



8.3 



A compfirison of the figures in Table XIV shows that the Arizona- 

 Egyptian cotton was slightly weaker in the gray than the average 

 01 ail, and that the Sea Island was stronger than the average of ajl. 

 "When bleached accordmg to method (A) the Arizona-Egyptian was 

 also weaker than the average and the Sakellaridis stronger. When 

 bleached according to method (B) the Arizona-Egyptian was the 

 weakest and the Sea Isla.nd the strongest. These deviations from 

 the average strength, however, are not greater than the variations 

 found between the several tests on the same yarn. Hence, this table 

 of averages does not indicate a very serious variation in the strength. 



DYEING. 



Samples of the yarns were bleached according to method (B), but 

 not blued. These samples were dyed pink and blue by the methods 

 given below for dhect and basic dyes. The results of these tests 

 indicated no appreciable difference in the dying values of the nine 

 cottons tested. The two methods are as follows : 



Direct dyes. — The yarns were dyed in a bath containing a 0.1 per 

 cent benzo rhoduline red B, 5 per cent of salt, and a 0.5 per cent 

 soluble oil. The volume of dye bath equaled 25 times the weight of 

 the goods. The goods entered the dye bath cold, and the tempera- 

 ture was raised to the boiling point in 30 minutes. They were boiled 

 15 minutes and allowed to cool m the bath 15 minutes. The light 

 blue was dyed in the same manner, except that a 0.1 per cent benzo 

 fast blue B N was used instead of the benzo rhoduline red B. . 



Basic dyes. — ^The goods were mordanted in a solution containing 

 0.015 of a gram of tamiic acid in each 100 cc. The goods were entered 

 cold; the temperature of the bath was raised to 190° in 45 minutes; 

 it then was allowed to cool over night, ruised and treated cold for 

 15 minutes in a bath containing 0.01 of a gram of tartar emetic. 



