16 BULLETIISr 313, U. S. DEPAETMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. 



cement to five parts of sand is probabl}' the most usual proportion. 

 The mixing is generally done in a mechanical mixer, and the material 

 is spread and compacted just in advance of the brick layers. It is 

 of course essential that the bedding be kept clr}^ until after the brick 

 are laid. 



HANDLING AND LAYING THE BRICK. 



The brick may all be hauled and piled at convenient intervals 

 along the sides of the roadway before grading is begun, or, if more 

 convenient, they may be delivered as needed on the work. Hauling 

 over the finished pavement with wagons until it is complete and 

 opened to traffic should be avoided. If the brick are delivered on the 

 work as needed, the}^ should be unloaded from the wagons outside of 

 the curb and carried to the pavers, either by hand or in wheelbar- 

 rows. Plank trackways should also be provided over the newly laid 

 pavement for the wheelbarrows when they are used. 



The brick should in all cases be uniformly piled by hand on the new 

 pavement conveniently close for the pavers, and each brick should be 

 so placed that the regular operation of picking it up and placing it in 

 the pavement will bring the best edge up. This method of handling 

 the brick requires somewhat more labor than the common method of 

 clumping them from wheelbarrows, but it eliminates to a great extent 

 the practice of picking out and turning over chipped or kiln-marked 

 brick after the pavement is laid. This is very objectionable on ac- 

 count of the disarrangement of the sand cushion, which is frequently 

 occasioned. 



The brick should be laid on edge and in uniform courses, running 

 at right angles to the line of the pavement, except at intersections ; 

 and in order to " break the joints '' each alternate course should begin 

 with a half brick. In laying the brick the pavers stand on the pave- 

 ment already laid and, be ning at the curb each time, carry across 

 as many courses together as they can conveniently reach. The courses 

 should be kept straight and close together, and, if necessary, each 

 block of 8 or 10 courses may be driven back by means of a light 

 sledge and a piece of straight timber approximately 2 by 4 inches by 

 5 or 6 feet long, though no heavy driving should be permitted. The 

 brick should also be laid close together in the courses. 



After the brick are laid the pavement should be carefully inspected, 

 for the purpose of detecting soft or otherwise defective brick. Mis- 

 shapen or broken brick may be detected by the eye alone, and the soft 

 brick by sprinkling the pavement with water. The soft brick appear 

 comparatively dry while the water is being applied and compara- 

 tivelj^ wet after the sprinkling is stopped. All defective brick should 

 of course be replaced by others which meet the requirements of the 

 specifications. 



