SCIENCE-GOSSIP. 



in [TERFLIES OF nil 



\I..\K \l;> I [i REGH »N. 



By li Ch . ;, M.D., M.R.C.S., [..R.C.P. Losn 



\ \ ' I ration ol the butter' 



' ' Hie of the Pa ' '■ ii- I have 



i' 'I the system of classification, whicli 



will be used. The method ol description will be 



late IK iih I . Stainton in his 



well-1 «ii Manual ol British Butterflies and Moth 



This work has never been sui 



The following abbreviations will 

 be used throughout : — 



Size will b i lillimeters, and printed 



•' mm. " indicating the distano between the apicesof 

 re wi V i teasurements are given, 



separated by n dash, ii is meant thai thi 



in si/e In-"' ii ms. Thus, 



Ant ho I... ,;4-43 mm. 



male, 

 hybr. hj brid between two p :cies. 

 ili. before .1 name aberrai 

 var. variety. 

 f.w. lure wings. 

 Ii.w. =hind wings. 

 tl.s. uinl 



The upper&ide is to be understood inanydi 



lion, where the u.s. is not specially mentioned, 

 ant. -magi, ante-marginal, 

 ang. angle. 

 an. ang. =anal angle. 

 cl. central, 

 d. cell discoidal cell. 

 d. sp. dis idal spot. 

 gr. col. ground colour, 

 mar. margin. 

 in. marg. = inner margin. 

 ou. n. 'i outer margin. 

 I. pit. food plant. 

 hali. habitat, 

 ab. abundant, 

 common. 

 \. north or northern. 



s. 



I . east. 

 W. west. 

 ('. Central. 



The times of appearance will be shown by Roman 

 numerals, indicating the month thus : V. May. 

 These will be followed when necessary I" 



■ling, m. middle, e. end. h.=after hyberna- 

 tion. 

 The abbreviations of authors' names »ill lie those 

 1. usually accepted, and will be added to the 

 end. Names that are but seldom used will be given 

 n full. 



iltitudes "i mountains h ill I"- givi n in li 

 on thn most English pocket aneroids are thus 

 graduated. 



Figures and descriptions ol all the European 

 will be found in my work "The Butterflii 

 Europe" which will be referred to as Lg. li. E. 



Mi. \\. 1. De Vismes [Cam " European Butter- 

 flies" will be referred to as Ka. E. B. 



Die palaearctischen grossshmetterlinge of Ruhl 

 and lleyne will, when reference to it is necessary, be 

 indicated by R. and II. 



The following tabulation in< 

 tions us.d for the different localities in the Amur 

 district. They are taken from Dr. Slaudinger's 

 valuable volume of Roman >fl Menu irs, 1892. 



Ask. Askold. 



Baran. Baranowka. 



Bik. Bikin. 



Blag. ■ Blagoweschtschensk. 



Bur. =Bureja. 



Chab. =Chabarowka. 



Nik. =Nikolajewsk. 



l'okr. -Pokrolka. 



Radd. Kaddefka. 



Sid. =Sidemi. 



Suif. - Suifun. 



L'ss. - Ussuri. 



Wlad. Wladiwostok. 



The figures given will be from photographs of 

 actual specimens, from my own collection, unless 

 otherwise specified. As a rule European species 

 will not he figured, as they have appeared in "The 

 Butterflies of Europe," and many of them are shown 

 in the works of other authors. In most instances, 

 therefore, these form the first illustratii ns of the 

 species selected, that have been made in connection 

 with descriptions in English text. 



Family I. PAPILIONIDAE. 



Larva.— Cylindrical, usually without spines, and 

 with two reli. utile tentacle^ on the second segment. 



Pi pa.- Attached by the caudal end and by a 

 silken girth which supports it in an upright position. 



Imago. — Usually of large or medium size. The 

 inner marg. of h.w. distinctly concave, in this respect 

 differing from all other families. Discoidal cells, 

 closed. \nt. rioi legs, fully developed. Antennae. 

 distinctly clubbed. 



This family contains seven Palaearctic genera. 

 Three of these are exclusively Asiatic, viz.. Si 1 Linus, 

 Luehdorfia and Hypermntslra. Only one genus. 

 Papilio, is represented in Britain, and that by the 

 single species, "the swallow-tail" (/'. ma 



