MANAGEMENT OP GENERAL FARMS IN OREGON. 



11 



The crop indexes of the three groups of clay farms were 79, 99, and 

 118. The percentage that farm income was of the capital for these 

 three groups of farms was 2.64, 4.93, and 5.61, respectively. It will 

 be observed that the percentage for the group of 22 farms with an 

 average crop index of 118 was 2.12 times as great as that for the 

 group of 23 farms whose crop index averaged 79. The influence of 

 crop yield on efficiency was even more pronounced on the silt loam 

 farms. The crop indexes of the three groups of silt loam farms were 

 76, 101, and 124, while the percentage that farm income was of capital 

 for these three groups was 3.44, 6.81, and 9.25, respectively. In other 

 words, the group of 51 farms with an average crop index of 124 was 

 2.69 times as efiicient as the group of 43 farms with an average crop 

 index of 76. 



The difference in the percentage farm income is of capital in the 

 different groups of farms in Table V is the result of the combined 

 influence of crop yield and income per animal unit; for, as the table 

 shows, those farmers whose yields were highest also obtained, on the 

 average, the highest income per animal unit. Tabulations not given 

 here show that of the difference between the farm incomes of the 

 lowest and those of the highest groups, from $250 to $300 is due to 

 difference in income per animal unit. Most of the remainder is due 

 to difference in yield. 



PERCENTAGE OF FIELD-CROP AREA IN LEGUMES. 



The field-crop area is that portion of the farm upon which crops 

 were grown during 1912, the year the farm survey was made. During 

 that year a very limited area was devoted to leguminous crops on the 

 clay farms. For that reason Tables VI, VII, and VIII deal only 

 with the 144 silt-loam farms. In Table VI the farms are divided 

 according to the percentage of the field-crop area in legumes — i, e., in 

 clover, alfalfa, peas, and beans. 



Table VI. — Relation of percentage of field-crop area in legumes to percentage farm income 

 is of capital on 144 silt loam farms in Marion and Polk Counties, Oreg. {1912). 



Item. 



Per cent of field crop area in legumes — 



None. Under 18. 18 to 33. Over 33. 



Number of farms 



Average percentage of field-crop area in legumes. 



Average improved land (acres) 



Average capital 



Average farm income 



Percentage farm income is of capital 



35 



112 



,821 



37 

 12.0 

 133 

 3,368 

 1,425 

 6.10 



37 



26.0 



139 



$23, 272 



$1,834 



7.88 



35 



44.8 



121 



$19, 181 



$1,648 

 8.60 



Of the 144 farms in Table VI, 35 grew no legumes. There were 

 37 farms with an average of 1 2 per cent, 3 1 with an average of 26 per 

 cent, and 35 with an average of 44.8 per cent of the field-crop area in 

 legumes. The percentage farm income is of capital for these groups 

 of farms was 3.89, 6.10, 7.88, and 8.60, respectively. It will be seen 



