LOGGING IN THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION. 15 



from 150 to 300 men are accommodated, the men being taken to and 

 from their work by train when working at a distance. The labor 

 polic}'- of the operator usually has something to do with the type of 

 camp adopted. Where the policy is to encourage married men who 

 want their families near them large and more permanent camps are 

 used. Superintendents who do not permit families in or near the 

 camps most often favor portable camps. 



In one operation the permanent camp for single men consists of 

 two large two-story buildings of modern design. One of the build- 

 ings is used for a bunk house for 100 men. This is plastered and 

 painted and kept clean and sanitary. It is well ventilated, electric 

 lighted, and has hot and cold water and a modern sewerage system. 

 In each of the rooms there are four single iron beds, four lockers, 

 four chairs, a table, and a droplight. The washroom at the rear of 

 the building has a concrete floor. It is large enough to accommodate 

 10 men at one time. 



The cookhouse, which is on the first floor of the other building, 

 consists of a well-equipped kitchen and a large well-lighted dining 

 room with a seating capacity of 125. Above the cookhouse is the 

 recreation hall, fitted with two pool tables, card tables, reading and 

 writing tables, a barber shop, and a bathroom. 



The camp has graded streets, lined with neat cottages. There is a 

 church, school, meat market, and some other shops besides the 

 company store. 



This is the ideal type of camp, supplying, as it does, pleasing and 

 sanitary living quarters and surroundings for both single and mar- 

 ried men. Unfortunately there are few camps of this type in the 

 region. 



Of course it would be impossible to have such a camp in connection 

 with all logging operations. In the camp referred to the company 

 has a 15-year supply of timber within a 15-minute ride on the log- 

 ging road from the camp. The camp runs steadily, only shut- 

 ting down for a few days at the Fourth of July and a week or so at 

 Christmas. 



woekmen'.s compensation acts. 



Until recently the responsibility of compensating injured laborers 

 was regulated by employers' liability laws. These held the employer 

 liable for accidents when he did not conform to the law. The em- 

 ployers protected their interests through liability insurance com- 

 panies. This arrangement proved unsatisfactory. Lawsuits were 

 common and proved a cumbersome method for determining whether 

 compensation was due an injured workman or his dependents. 

 Liability insurance was seemingly too expensive. On the other hand, 

 injured workmen expended large sumg of money for attorney's fees. 



