20 BULLETIN 711, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



made up of logs of one grade or species. The grading rules used 

 by the Columbia Kiver Log Scaling and Grading Bureau are as 

 follows : 



No. 1 logs. 



No. 1 logs shall be 30 inches or over in diameter inside the bark at the small 

 end, reasonably straight grained, and not less than 16 feet long, and shall be 

 logs which, in the judgment of the scaler, will contain at least 50 per cent of 

 their scaled contents in lumber in the grades of No. 1 and 2 clear. 



In a general way a pitch ring is not a serious grade defect in a No. 1 log, pro- 

 vided its location and size do not prevent the logs cutting the required amount 

 of clears. The same applies to rot. 



Pitch pockets, seams, knots, etc., are defects which impair the grades in pro- 

 portion to their efEect on the amount of clears the log contains. A No. 1 log 

 will admit of a few small knots, but must be surface clear for at least four- 

 fifths of its length ; a few pitch pockets, as permitted in the grade of clear 

 lumber, but no combination of defects which will prevent the required percentage 

 of clears. 



No. 2 logs. 



No. 2 logs shall be 16 inches or over in diameter inside the bark at the small 

 end, not less than 16 feet long, and having defects which prevent its grading 

 No. 1, but which will, in the judgment of the scaler, be suitable for the manu- 

 facture of lumber principally in grades of merchantable and better. 



No. 3 logs. 



No. 3 logs shall be 12 inches or over in diameter inside the bark at the small 

 end, not less than 16 feet long, having defects which prevent its grading No. 2, 

 and, in the judgment of the scaler, be suitable for the manufacture of the in- 

 ferior grades of lumber. 



Cull logs. 



Cull logs shall be any logs which do not contain 50 per cent of sound lumber. 

 All logs to be scaled by the Spaulding Rule. 



The grading rules used by the Puget Sound Log Scaling and Grad- 

 ing Bureau are as follows : 



No. 1 logs. 



■No. 1 logs shall be logs in the lengths of 16 to 32 feet and 30 inches inside the 

 bark at the small end, and logs 34 to 40 feet and 28 inches in diameter at the 

 small end, and shall be logs that, in the judgment of the scaler, contain at 

 least 50 per cent of their scaled contents in lumber in the grades of No. 2 clear 

 and better. 



No. 2 logs. 



No. 2 logs shall not be less than 16 feet long and having defects which prevent 

 their grading No. 1, but which, in the judgment of the scaler, will be suitable 

 for the manufacture of lumber principally in the grades of merchantable and 

 better. 



No. 3 logs. 



No. 3 logs shall not be less than 16 feet long and having defects which prevent 

 their grading No. 2, but which, in the judgment of the scaler, will be suitable 

 for the manufacture of common lumber. 



