LOGGING IN THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION. 97 



A few operators find it economical now and then to run a side by 

 contract, in which case the operator may furnish everything except 

 the labor ; or he may furnish only the large equipment, the contractor 

 furnishing the labor, supplies, etc. 



A few camps use bonus or profit-sharing systems. As a rule, the 

 system consists in setting a standard output and allowing all the 

 members of the yarding crew, or certain members of the yarding 

 crew who have been in the employ of the company a certain length of 

 time, a certain amount per thousand feet in addition to their regular 

 wages for every thousand feet yarded in excess of the standard. The 

 regular wages may equal the wages the company would pay if they 

 were not using a bonus system, or they may be less. 



The company pays a bonus to only those men who are directly 

 connected with the handling of the logs from the stump to the car, 

 such as hook tenders, chasers, rigging slingers, and signalmen, elimi- 

 nating such men as wood bucks, swampers, snipers, etc. Wages com- 

 parable with the wages paid in camps that are not using a bonus 

 system are paid, regardless of whether the standard output is made 

 or exceeded. Those members of the crew who are working under 

 the bonus system are paid an additonal amount as bonus when the 

 yarding output exceeds the standard output, as follows: For each 

 1,000 feet of daily average output above the standard the wages of 

 the men are increased 1 per cent. The standard is set by the logging 

 superintendent for each chance monthly, or as often as conditions 

 require. In establishing the standards, it is the stated aim of the 

 company to put them where they can be made by an average crew 

 without undue effort. 



It is unusual to find a camp where all the logs are yarded direct 

 to the landing, as many operators find it necessary to do a little 

 double hauling, others a great deal. For this reason it is difficult to 

 secure specific costs for direct yarding. The following costs are 

 given more for the purpose of illuminating the subject than to give 

 exact knowledge: 



(1) The labor cost -of transporting the logs from the stump to 

 the landing, practically all single hauling, at a camp along the 

 Columbia Eiver in 1912, amounted to $0.69 per thousand feet. 



This cost includes a part of the wages of the camp foreman, one- 

 half the wages of the timekeeper, and all the wages of the scaler. 

 It does not include the cost of moving the yarders from one landing 

 to another, the taking in and the setting of lines when moving, the 

 grading of yarder settings, or any phase of the loading of the logs. 

 The following men were employed : 



61361°— Bull. 711—18 7 



