LOGGING IN THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION, 



171 



terial, and supply costs, also a rental on the equipment used in their 

 construction. In addition to the cost of the landings proper, it may 

 include the cost of raising gin poles, swinging rigging on gin poles, 

 a part or all of the extended water system, and digging engine set- 

 tings. These costs are handled differently by different companies. 



The cost of landings per thousand feet of output varies with the 

 type of landing, the character of the country, the number of landings 

 per section, and the average stand per acre. The landings used 

 with ground yarding are more elaborate than those used with high- 

 lead or overhead yarding, especially in steep country, where consid- 

 erable cribwork has to be done. The labor cost probably ranges 

 between $50 and $300; in most cases from $75 to $150. The cost of 

 landings in specific cases is given in Table 25 and accompanying 

 discussions : 



Table 25. — Comparative costs of landings in specific cases. ' 





Number 



Case. 



of 





landings. 



1 



29 



2 



100 



3 



75 



4 



8 







8 



6 



30 



7 



14 



8 



15 



Region. 



Year. 



Type. 



Average cost.i 



Columbia River 



Coliunbia River 



West foothills, Cascades 



Columbia River 



Columbia River 



Flat, west Cascades 



West slope, Cascades . . . 

 Columbia River 



1912 

 1913 

 1912 

 1912 

 1912 

 1912 

 1912 

 1912 



Fig. 64. 

 Fig. 64. 

 Fig. 72. 

 Fig. 64. 

 Fig. 64. 

 Fig. 72. 

 Fig. 72. 

 Fig. 72. 



$155. 00 



135.00 



100.00 



208.00 



130.00 



S50. 00- 70. 00 



95. 00-175. 00 



285. 00-340. 00 



1 In no case does the cost include the timber used in the landings. 

 Case 1. — The cost includes the labor used in clearing sites, building landings, raising gin poles, swinging 

 loading rigging, digging engine settings (yarding and loading), etc., in fact, everything except the moving 

 of the yarding and loading engines. The country was practically level. 



Case 2. — The cost is based on the landings constructed at three camps, representing a great variety of 

 conditions, and includes the same items of expense as in the previous case. 



Cose 3. — The cost includes the labor and supplies used in building the landings and raising gin poles, 

 the landings for the most part being constructed on relatively level ground. 



Case 4- — The cost includes the same items of expense as in the first case, the landings betag constructed 

 in a mountainous country with a great variety of conditions. 



Case 5. — Same as previous case. 

 ■ Case 6. — The cost includes the labor used in constructing landings on practically level ground. 



Case 7. — The cost includes the same items of expense as in the previous case, the landings being con- 

 structed on sidehill country. Six were constructed on the lower sides of the track at an average labor 

 cost of S175; eight on the upper side, at an average labor cost of $95. Those on the lower side of the track 

 contained 7,500 feet of timber on the average; those on the upper, 3,500 feet. 



Case S.— The cost includes the labor used in building the landings, for the most part on sidehill country. 

 The following shows the crew and wages paid per day : 



Hook tender 14. 50 



2 rigging slingers 6. 50 



1 rigging slinger 3. 00 



Engineer 3. 25 



Fireman 2. 75 



Total per day , 20. 00 



The number of landings depends on the character of the country. 

 They are located along the spur railroads, and as the mileage of spur 

 railroads per section increases the number of landings per section in- 



