LOGGING IF THE DOUGLAS FIR REGION. 215 



locomotive at times handling 18 loads over this portion of the road. 

 The average grade on the two miles of main line between the camp 

 and Spur 1 (woods' terminus of main line) averaged 5^ per cent, the 

 maximum grade amounting to 6 per cent. The 42-ton locomotive 

 pulled four empty flats from the camp to the siding. The heaviest 

 grades on the spurs amounted to 9 per cent. The average spur haul 

 from the landings to the main line was about 1 mile. Twenty flats 

 (length, 41 feet; capacity, 80,000 pounds) and six sets of trucks were 

 used. Oil was burned as fuel. 



The 42-ton locomotive worked on the main line between the 

 dump and Spur 1, a distance of about 5 miles; the 33-ton engine 

 worked on the spurs. In the morning the 33-ton locomotive would 

 move four empty flats from the camp to the siding at Spur 1. The 

 42-ton locomotive averaged four or five trips per day between the 

 dump and the siding at the camp, and roughly twice as many trips 

 between the latter siding and the siding at Spur 1. The two brake- 

 men, with the assistance of a man regularly employed at the dump, 

 unloaded the cars with log jacks. 



(«) Operation (labor) : The train crews consisted of the follow- 

 ing: 



42-ton : Per day. 

 Engineer $5. 00 



Head brakeman . . 4^25 



Second brakeman 3. 75 



33-ton: 



Engineer 4. 50 



Head brakeman 4. 75 



Second brakeman 3. 75 



The difference in the wages was not due to differences in the work, 

 but rather to length of service with the company. 



(6) Maintenance of line (labor) : This segregation includes the 

 labor cost of keeping all roads in good condition as to surface and 

 alignment, keeping ditches open, taking care of slides, and hauling 

 and digging gravel. It includes the upkeep of about 6 miles of line. 

 During the year a large portion of the track was ballasted with 

 gravel, the ballast being secured from the bed of a river with a power 

 scraper. There are a large number of heavy cuts, and the formation 

 is such that slides occurred frequently during the west season. 



The section foremen were paid $3.50 per day ; the hands, $2.50 per 

 day. 



(c) Maintenance of locomotives and cars (labor) : This segregation 

 includes the labor cost for repairing 2 locomotives, 20 flat cars, 6 

 sets of trucks, and 2 gxavel cars. 



