42 



BULLETIjSr 71G, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTURE. 



(:2) With given quantities of various feeds, one can approximate 

 tlie number of stock he will be able to carry, and determine if the feed 

 is fairly well apportioned between concentrates and roughage. 



For these purposes the average over the five-year period should be 

 used for the standard, while the extremes in the different years may 

 be used to indicate possible variations. 



Table X. — Percentage of total feed units from each kind of feed and the num- 

 ber of feed units per animal unit on 25 farms over a period of 5 tfears, 

 1912-1916 {Palmer Township, Washington County, Ohio). 



Distribution of feed units. 



1912 



1913 



1914 



1915 



1916 



Five-year 

 average. 



Percentage of total feed units a from— 

 Com (grain) . . 



47 

 10 

 3 



42 

 7 

 2 



46 

 6 

 1 



4 



9 



4 



30 



43 

 5 

 1 

 1 

 6 

 9 

 4 



31 



36 

 7 

 1 



7 



7 



10 



32 



42 



WTieat . . 



7 



Oats 



2 



Rye... 



5 



Bought feed.. - 



4 

 11 



3 



9 



4 



33 



Corn fodder (stover) . . . 



9 



Com silage 



5 



Hay 



25 



30 







Concentrates, per cent of total feed units. . 

 Roughage, per cent of total feed units 



64 

 36 



54 

 46 



57 

 43 



56 

 44 



51 



49 



56 

 44 



Number of feed units per animal unit e 



Number of acres of pasture per animal nnitd 



2,365 

 5.2 



2,745 

 5.0 



2,846 

 4.9 



2,711 



4.7 



2,698 

 4.5 



2,673 

 4.9 



o A "feed unit'' represents the feed value of a pound of corn or its equivalent. 



1 bushel corn= 56 feed units. 



1 bushel wheat= 60 feed units. 



1 bushel oats= 29.1 feed units. 



1 bushel rye= 56 feed units. 



1 ton bought fced= 2,000 feed units. 



1 ton fodder (stover)=500 feed units. 



1 ton siiage= 333 feed units. 



1 ton hay^ 800 feed units. 

 Feed units computed according to table in Wisconsin Circular No. 37, June, 1912. 

 b Less than one-hall of 1 ])er cent. 



c In calculating the number of feed units per animal unit, straw when used as feed was not considered, 

 neither was pasture. The feed value of pasture is generaUj' placed at 8 to 10 feed units per animal unit 

 daily. 

 d Includes animal units for work stock but not for poultry. 



The following example will serve as an ill^istration of the first way 

 .in which the table may be applied : 



A farmer keeps 6 cows, 1 bull, 3 horses, 50 ewes, 2 brood sows-, and 

 250 chickens. He will raise or feed out 1 heifer, 4 steers, 6 calves, 50 

 lambs, 40 hogs, and 120 chickens. He wishes to determine the quan- 

 tity of feed required. The above stock is the equivalent of 39 

 mature horses or cows. With 2,673 feed units required for each 

 animal, the total feed requirement is 104,247 feed units. The con- 

 centrates required for feed, as shown in this table, are 56 per cent of 

 this total, or 58,378 feed units, which is the equivalent of 1,042 bushels 

 of corn. The roughage required is 44 per cent of the total, or 45,869 

 feed units, the equivalent of 57 tons of hay. Were corn the only con- 

 centrate used, and ha}^ the onlj^ roughage, these would be the ap- 

 proximate quantities required. But in this area wheat, rye, oats, 

 and various bought feeds, such as bran, middlings, oil meal, cotton- 

 seed meal, and tankage, are also sources of concentrate feeds, and 



J 



