66 BULLETIN 718, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTURE. 



Block setter — One who operates the set works on a sawmill carriage. 

 Blneil lumber — Lumber, the sapwood of which has been stained by fungi. 

 Box boards — Lumber of a specific quality from which boxes are manufac- 

 tured. 

 Box shooks— Pieces of lumber cut to size for boxes but not assembled. 

 Break down — To cut a log into cants or of a size which can be sawed on the 



main saw. 

 Bull head — A term used by sawmill filer to describe the action of a saw Avhen 



it leads in or out of a cut. 

 Cant — A log which has been slabbed on one or more sides. 

 Casehardened lumber — Material, the exterior of which is dry, while the interior 



remains moist. The result of quick drying in an overheated kiln. 

 Ceiling — Lumber usually finished on one side only and used for wainscoting, 



ceiling rooms, etc. 

 Chimney— An opening left from top to bottom in a lumber pile to admit air 



and hasten drying. 

 Chipped grain — A defect in lumber caused by the grain of the wood being 



torn out in patches by the action of the planer knives. 

 Clapboard — Siding 4 to 6 inches wide and 4 to 20 feet long tapering to a thin 



edge on one side. 

 Case knot — One surrounded wholly or partially by pitch or bark. 

 Coarse-grain lumber — Material with wide annual rings. 

 Comb grained — The best quality of quarter-sawed lumber, the growth rings of 



which are nearly at right angles to the face of the board. 

 Common boards — Applied to four grades of lumber of a quality inferior to 



finish. The widths run from 4 to 12 inches. 

 Common dimensions — Applied to 2-inch' stock ranging from 4 to 12 inches wide 



and 3-inch stock from 6 to 12 inches wide. 

 Custom sawing — The sawing of lumber under contract prices per 1,000 board 



feet. 

 Carriage setter — Rides on the front end of the carriage and sets the dogs which 



hold the log in place. 

 Drop siding — ^A pattern of lumber used to cover the exterior sides of buildings. 



Syn. — Cove siding, German siding, patent' siding, rustic. 

 Face side — That side of a board which shows the best quality. 

 Featheredge — When a board is found thinner on one edge than it is on the 



other it is said to have a featheredge. Term also used to describe an over- 

 sharpened cutting edge. 

 Feed — The length of lumber cut at one revolution of the saw, expressed in 



inches. 

 Fencing — A grade of rough inch lumber 4 to 6 inches wide. 

 Fine 'grain^Lumber having the annual rings close together. 

 Finish lumber — The higher grade of lumber used for interior finish in buildings. 

 Five-ply veneer — Made up of five pieces of veneer glued one to the other, also 



called laminated wood. 

 Flitch — A thick piece of lumber with wane on the edge. 

 Furring— A narrow strip of inch lumber which is nailed to rafters and joints 



as a backing for laths. 

 Jointed flooring — A flooring strip which instead of being tongued and grooved 



lias the sides cut on a bevel edge. Syn. — Lap siding. 

 Joi^t — A dimension timber used to support the floor of a building, 

 knocked down — A machine or article taken apart in order to facilitate ship- 

 ping. Abbreviated as K. D. 

 Large knot — One that is over 1^ inches diameter. 



