70 



SCIENCE-GOSSIP. 



( Adiillea millcfoliiiin), on hedge-banks, waste 

 places, etc. Tansy (Tanacctiiin vulgare), in waste 

 places and by streams. ^Burdock ( Arctiwn lappa), in 

 hedge-rows, woods, and waste places. Saw-wort 

 (Scn-afida lincloria), in woods and round bushes. 

 Nodding thistle ( Cardtms nutans), on hills and in 

 open ground. Spear-thistle (Cnicns lanccolatus), 

 on waysides and in pastures. Dwarf thistle ( C. 

 acaulis), in dry pastures and on chalk-downs. 

 Michaelmas daisy (Aster tripoliuni), on salt-marshes. 

 Flea-bane (Erigeron acre), in damp situations, in 

 fields, and by roadsides. Corn marigold (Chrysan- 

 theinum segetuin), in cornfields. 



Co NVOLVU LACEAE : Calyx 5. Corolla 5. 

 Stamens 5. Carpels 2 or 3, celled. Convolvulus 

 ( Convolvuhts ai-oensis), on cultivated ground. 



Crassulaceae : Calyx composed of many sepals 

 united. Corolla of many petals inserted to calyx. 

 Stamens many. Carpels many. Ovary superior. 

 The number of the individual parts does not exceed 

 20. Navel- wort (Cotyledon iwibilicns), on rocks and 

 walls by the sea, on West of Britain. 



CucURBlTACEAE : Leaves with tendrils and ex- 

 stipulate. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla 5. Stamens 5. 

 Ovary infeiior. Common bryony ( B)yonia dioica), 

 trailing in hedges. 



Dipsaceae : Flowers in heads. Calyx 4. Corolla 

 4. Stamens 4 on corolla. Ovary inferior. Devils- 

 bits scabious ( Scabiosa siucisa) , meadows and grass 

 paths in woods. Field scabious (Scabiosa arz'ensis), 

 to be found in cultivated fields and hedgerows, 

 especially on chalky lands. Teasel ( Dipsactis 

 sylvestris), on road sides, by river banks, etc. 



Ericaceae : Exstipulate. Calyx 4 or 5. Corolla 

 4 or 5. Stamens S or more. Ovary 4-celled and 

 superior. Ling (CaUuna vulgaris), on mountains 

 and commons. Cross-leaved heath (Erica tetralix) 

 on moorlands, etc. Fine-leaved heath ( E. cinerea) 

 on damp moors. 



Fumariaceae : Flowers irregular. Calyx 2. 

 Corolla 4. Stamens 6. Carpels 2. Ovary superior. 

 Common fumitory ( Fnntaria officinalis), on dry 

 ground. 



GEiNTiANEAE : Leaves exstipulate. Calyx 5 

 or more. Corolla 5 or more. Stamens 5. Ovary 

 superior. Centaury [Erythraea centaitriiun), in dry 

 situations. This plant is getting rare in Bedfordshire, 

 especially near Luton. 



Geraniaceae : Leaves with stipules. Calyx 5. 

 Corolla 5. Stamens 5. Carpels 5. Ovary superior. 

 Meadow crane's-bill (Geranium pratense), in moist 

 places. Herb-robert ( Geranitim roberiianuin ) , in 

 hedge-rows. Stork's-bill ( Erodium cicutariuin), 

 waste places. 



Hyfericeae : Leaves exstipulate. Flowers 

 yellow. Calyx 5. Corolla 5. Stamens many. 

 Carpels 3. Ovary superior. Hairy St. John's-wort 

 (Hypericum hirsutuin), around thickets, etc. 



Labiatae : Flowers irregular. Calyx 5. Corolla 

 5. Stamens 4 on corolla. Carpels united into 4- 

 celled ovary. Ovary superior. Wood-sage (Tcu- 

 critim scorodonia), in hard hedge-rows. Stachys 



( Stachys sylvalica),m hedges, ditches, etc. Calamint 

 ( Cala/nintha clinopodium ), in hedges, etc. 



Lecuiminosae : Leaves stipuled. Flowers 

 papilionaceous. Calyx 4 or 5. Corolla 5. Stamens 

 10 around the ovary (perigynous). Carpel i. Ovary 

 superior. Bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus), in 

 meadows, banks, etc. Kidney vetch ( Anthyllis 

 vulneraria ), pastures, etc. 



Malvaceae : Flowers regular. Calyx 5. Corolla 

 5. Stamens many. Carpels many. Ovary superior. 

 Musk mallow (Malva moschata), in waste places. 

 Mallow (y)/rt/t'fl sylvestris), in waste lands. 



Nymphaeaceae : Aquatic. Calyx 4. Petals 

 many. Stamens many. Carpels many. Ovary par- 

 tially inferior. Water Lily {A^ymp/iaea lutea), on ponds. 



Onagrarieae: Flowers regular. Calyx 4. Corolla 

 4. Stamens 8. Carpels 4. Ovary inferior. Willow 

 herb {Epilobijtm hirsztttim), on liver banks. 



Papaveraceae : Flowers regular. Calyx 2. 

 Corolla 4. Stamens many. Carpels many. Ovary 

 superior. Celandine (Chelidonium majus), on old 

 walls, etc. Yellow horned-poppy {Glaucinm hiietim), 

 on sea shores. 



Polygonaceae : Perianth about 5. Stamens 8. 

 Carpel i. Ovary superior. Spotted persicaria 

 (Polygonum persicaria), in ditches, on rubbish 

 heaps, etc. 



Scrophularinae : Flowers irregular. Calyx 4 

 or 5. Coiolla 4 or 5. Stamens 4. Carpels 2. 

 Ovary superior. Foxglove (Digitalis ptirpurea), on 

 dry banks and woods, pastures, mountain sides, etc. 

 Bartsia (Bartsia odontites), by road sides, etc. Mullein 

 ( Verbascum thapsus), in hedges, etc. Yellow toad-flax 

 (Linaria vulgaris), to be found in fields, on railway 

 banks, etc. Cow-wheat (Melampyrum pratense) in 

 woods. 



41, Rothesay Road, Luton, Beds.. 



Borings in Sussex. — Some interesting notes are 

 to hand in regard to borings for water at Ringmer, near 

 Lewes, in Sussex. The village is situated on the gault 

 clay, which crops out here from beneath the Chalk 

 Downs a mile away. The church is on rising ground, 

 which seems to betoken some former inclination of 

 the gault layers thereabouts, although in consequence 

 of slipping, the columns of the church are bending 

 towards the south-east. On the village green, and 

 slightly north of the church, a well was sunk by Mr. 

 W. F. Martin. Commencing in the gault, a thin but 

 remarkable layer of red chalky clay was met with at 

 74 feet, having a very close resemblance to the Red 

 Chalk of Hunstanton. An attempt will be made to 

 trace its outcrop in the neighbourhood. At 100 feet 

 an abundantly fossiliferous layer of Belemnites was 

 found. At 143 feet the gault became nodular, or as 

 the workmen termed it, it was " nuggety." Other 

 borings have since been made farther north, supplies 

 of water being plentiful. One of these, commencing 

 in the Lower Greensand, immediately struck hard, 

 pale, micaceous sandstone, which gradually changed 

 to a dark slaty colour, whilst at 88 feet a green sand 

 stone was struck. 



t 



