4 BULLETIN 603, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



heifers with first calves, while 28.1 per cent of the herds were dis- 

 carded, indicating that this is a dairy-cow purchasing region. 



FACTORS INFLUENCING PROFITS. 



Disposition of milk. — In the Wisconsin group, both landlord and 

 tenant make least on farms selling butter fat, more on farms mar- 

 keting milk through the cheese factory, and most on farms selling 

 milk to condenseries. In the Illinois group, none of the milk was 

 made into cheese and the profits were about the same, both to land- 

 lord and tenant, whether the milk was sold to the condensery or for 

 market. 



Breeding of cows. — The introduction of pure-bred cows in the 

 dairy herd in the Wisconsin group is very profitable both to land- 

 lord and tenant, but it seems to be profitable only to the tenant in 

 the Illinois group. 



Length of tenure and of lease period. — In both the Wisconsin and 

 Illinois groups the tenant remained on the farm longer under the 

 yearly lease than he did where the lease was for a longer period. 



REGIONS STUDIED. 



GREEN COUNTY, WIS. 



The counties ranking highest in dair}^ products in Wisconsin, 

 according to the last census, are, in order, Dodge, Sheboygan, Dane, 

 Walworth, and Green. However, in average sales of dairy products 

 per farm, Green County, with $763, is the highest for the State. 

 Tenancy in Green County is 28.6 per cent, of which about three- 

 fifths is share. Nearly all the share-rented farms in this county 

 are purely dairy farms and the rental system is well established. 

 The landlord furnishes the land, buildings, half the cows and pro- 

 ductive stock, most of the grass seed, pays about half the expense 

 for thrashing and twine, sometimes all the road tax, and frequently 

 furnishes the tenant fuel wood from the farm. The tenant furnishes 

 the labor, horses, machinery, half the cows and other productive 

 stock, sometimes part of the grass seed, and usually pays half the 

 expense for thrashing and twine. On only 2 farms out of 84 did 

 the landlord go to any expense for labor, in both of which cases he 

 pays half the expense for hired labor. In all cases except two the 

 horses, as well as the productive stock, are fed from grain and hay 

 owned in common, half by each of the contracting parties. The pro- 

 ceeds from the sales of all farm products are divided equally between 

 landlord and tenant, usually at the bank. 



Daily products are the principal source of income on the farms in 

 Green as well as in many of the other counties of Wisconsin. In 

 this county milk is marketed mostly at the condensery or through 

 the cheese factory, and the haul usually is short. In a few cases, 

 however, the haul to the condensery is 7 or 8 miles. The condenseries 

 usually take nearly all the milk within a radius of about 3 miles 



