UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



fflB BULLETIN No, 606 



Contribution from the Forest Service 

 HENRY S. GRAVES, Forester 



4\&riKri 



Washington, D. C. 



PROFESSIONAL PAPER 



April 15, 1918 



LATIVE RESISTANCE 

 WOODS TO INJECTION 



WITH CREOSOTE. 



By Clyde H. Teesdale, in charge, Section of AYood Preservation, and J. D, 

 MacLean, Assistant Engineer in Forest Products. 



CONTENTS. 



Purpose of the experiments 1 



Structure of the hardwoods 2 



Methods used in the experiments 4 



Apparatus 4 



Materials used 6 



Method of applying the creosote 7 



F actors affecting penetration 9 



Effect of structure on penetrance 9 



Page. 



Grouping of species n 



Relation of grouping to commercial treatment 16 



Conclusions 17 



Appendix lg 



Characteristics of the various species and 



results of treatment 18 



Bioliography 34 



PURPOSE OF THE EXPERIMENTS. 



When wood is impregnated with preservatives some species are 

 more easily penetrated than others, so that for proper treatment the 

 species should be grouped according to their relative resistance to 

 injection. Otherwise, part of a cylinder charge might receive a 

 heavy treatment and another part a very light one. As wood struc- 

 ture is the most important factor in the grouping of woods for treat- 

 ment, the Forest Service has made a study to determine its influence 

 upon penetration with creosote. Such factors as the amount and 

 location of sapwood, the moisture content, and the like, encountered 

 in the commercial treatment of wood, also have an important bearing 



Note. — Acknowledgment is made to Miss Eloise Gerry, microscopist, Forest Products 

 Laboratory, for the portions of this bulletin describing the structure of the broad-leaved 

 trees, and for assistance in examining the specimens after treatment. Acknowledgment is 

 also made to Mr. F. J. Angler, superintendent timber preservation, Baltimore & Ohio 

 Railroad Co. ; Dr. Irving W. Bailey, Harvard University ; Mr. John Foley, forester, 

 Pennsylvania Railroad Co. ; Dr. Kendrick W. Hatt, professor of civil engineering, Purdue 

 University ; Mr. A. R. Joyce, of the Joyce-Watkins Co. ; Mr. V. K. Hendricks, assistant 

 chief engineer, and Mr. O. C. Steinmeyer, supervisor of timber preservation, St. Louis 

 & San Francisco Railroad ; and Mr. J. H. Waterman, superintendent timber preservation, 

 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, for their generous assistance in reviewing the 

 bulletin. 



11961°— 18— Bull. 606 1 



